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SGL Developer's Manual

Reference

Function Reference

Structure Reference

Appendix

Memory Map

SGL Reference

Function Reference

The Sega Saturn Graphics Library (SGL) is a C language function library

assembled for software development support for the Sega Saturn system.

The SGL is ideal for the development of software that uses 3D graphics.

Because careful and rigorous consideration was given to the selection of the

types of functions for the SGL, the total number is not that large. when

used in combination, however, these functions are more than sufficient for

the development of 3D games and similar software. In fact, the design

concept behind the creation of the SGL was to permit fast and flexible

software development through the use of combinations of simple modules.

We hope that you will find that the SGL opens up the exciting world of the

Sega Saturn system.

Sega Enterprises, Ltd.

Yu Suzuki

Graphics function

void

slLight

Light source setup

Format

void slLight(light)
VECTOR light;

Parameters

light

Light source vector

Function

This function sets up the light source.
For the parameters, substitute the vector value (unit vector) that indicates the
direction of the light rays.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The light source vector must be specified as a unit vector. Assuming the size of
the light source vector were to exceed "1", an overflow would occur and the
polygon surface color would not be displayed properly.
In addition, if the scaling operation is being performed on the current matrix, it is
important to realize that the normal vector of the polygon is also affected, and
thus the brightness will change accordingly.

Refer to: Chapter 3, "Light Sources

slLight

Graphics function

void

slperspective

Perspective transformation table setup

Format

void slPerspective(pers)
ANGLE pers;

Parameters

pers

Perspective angle
Range: 10 to 160 (unit: DEG

Function

This function sets the constant for the distance to the screen, which is used in
perspective transformations. The perspective angle parameter determines the
angle corresponding to the width of the screen.
Because this function also sets the parameters for the rotating scroll, execute
slRpasaInitSet() before calling this function when using the rotating scroll.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The functions "slWindow" and "slZdispLevel" in combination with "slPerspective"
completely determine the viewing volume. The diagram below illustrates the
concepts behind perspective transformation.

Refer to: Chapter 4, "Coordinate Transformation"

slPerspective

Forward boundary surface

Projection surface

Perspective

angie:60¡

Clipping boundary

Rear boundary

surface

Viewing volume

Graphics function

void

slPutPolygon

Polygon model drawing

Format

void slPutPolygon(pat)
PDATA *pat;

Parameters

pat

Starting address of area where polygon data is stored

Function

This function draws the polygon model specified by the parameter.
The polygon model is affected by the parallel shift component and rotation
component of the current matrix, and is drawn on the screen using perspective
transformations.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The polygon data is defined as a PDATA structure.
A PDATA structure includes the polygon vertex list, the number of vertices, the
face list, the number of faces, and the face attribute information.
For details, refer to "Structure Reference: PDATA Structure" and Chapter 2,
"Graphics," in the Programmer's Tutorial.

PDATA<Label name>={

point_PLANE1.

/* vert,ex list */

sizeof(point_PLANE1)/SIZEOF(POINT),

/* number of vertices */

polygon_PLANE1,

/* face list */

sizeof(point_PLANE1)/SIZEOF(POLYGON),

/* number of faces */

attribute_PLANE1

/* face attribute list */

};

Note: The PDATA structure is defined in "sl_def.h".Refer to: Chapter 2, "Graphics"

slPutPolygon

_oe Polygon data structure _oe

Graphics function

void

slWindow

Various window settings

Format

void slWindow
left , top , right , bottom , Zlimit , centx , centy
Sint16 left;
Sint16 top;
Sint16 right;
Sint16 bottom;
Sint16 Zlimit;
Sint16 centx;
Sint16 centy;

Parameters

left

X coordinate of upper-left corner of window (screen coordinate system)

top

Y coordinate of upper-left corner of window (screen coordinate system)

right

X coordinate of lower-right corner of window (screen coordinate system)

bottom Y coordinate of lower-right corner of window (screen coordinate system)
Zlimit

Distance to rear boundary surface of window

centx

X coordinate of vanishing point

centy

Y coordinate of vanishing point

Function

This function sets up windows that limits the display of sprites and

polygons.

"Window" is the name of a rectangular area set up on the screen; two windows
can be set up on the screen at one time.
Polygons and sprites can be set to be displayed or not displayed when they are
inside or outside of a window.
For the parameters, substitute the X and Y screen coordinates defining the area
of the window, the Z coordinate that indicates the distance to the rear boundary
surface of the display, and the X and Y screen coordinates of the vanishing point.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Polygons and sprites are affected by windows that are set up before the polygon
or sprite is drawn.
In the SGL, a window that is the same size as the screen is set up as a default
window; if the function "slWindow" is not executed, the drawing of polygons and
sprites is affected by this default window.

Note: "left", "top", "right", "bottom", "CENTER_X", and "CENTER_Y" refer to the X and Y screen coordinates

Refer to: Chapter 4, "Coordinate Transformation"

slWindow

Zlimit

forward boundary surface

Rear boundary surface

Windouw boundary

(left, top, right,

Line of sight

Projection surface

Viewpoint

(CENTER_X,CENTER_Y)

( 0 , 0 )

left

right

top

bottom

Projection surface

(CENTER_X, CNTER_Y)

( 319, 223 )

Window

Graphics function

void

slZdspLevel

Display level specification

Format

void slZdspLevel(level)
Uint16 level;

Parameters

level

Display level
1: Display from 1/2
2: Display from 1/4
3: Display from 1/8
Note: For an explanation of the display level, refer to the diagram shown

below.

Function

This function specifies how far in front of the projection surface to actually project
(the front boundary surface).

Return Value

None

Remarks

The distance from the forward boundary surface to the rear boundary surface is
the "Zlimit".
The "Zlimit" is specified by the "slWindow" function.
During system initialization, the display level is set to "1/2".

Refer to: Chapter 4, "Coordinate Transformation"

slZdspLevel

Rear boundary surface

Viewing volume

(when ScreenDist=1/2)

Projection surface

Forward boundary surface

Viewpoint

1/2

1/4

1/8

Display level: Specifies the distance between the viewpoint and the forward

boundary surface in terms of the number of times the distance to
theprojection surface is divided.

Zlimit: Distance between the forward boundary surface and the rear boundary

surface

Scroll Function

void

sllMapRA

RGB map setup (using rotation parameters A)

Format

void sl1MapRA(a)
void *a ;

Parameters

Starting address in VRAM of pattern name data table for rotation

parameters A

Function

This function sets up the rotating scroll map (using rotation parameters A). For the
parameter, substitute the starting address in VRAM of the pattern name data table
to be registered in the map register and the map offset register. The data table
uses 16 pages, starting from the specified address.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

sl1MapRA

Scroll Function

void

sllMapRB

RGB map setup (using rotation parameters B)

Format

void sl1MapRB(b)
void *b;

Parameters

Starting address of in VRAM pattern name data table for rotation

parameters B

Function

This function sets up the rotating scroll map (using rotation parameters B). For the
parameter, substitute the starting address in VRAM of the pattern name data table
to be registered in the map register and the map offset register. The data table
uses 16 pages, starting from the specified address.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

sl1MapRB

Scroll Function

void

sl16MapRA

RBG0 map setting (using rotation parameters A)

Format

void sl16MapRA(map [16])
Uint8 map [16] ;

Parameters

map[16]

Map number for 16 pages

Function

This function sets up a rotating scroll map consisting of 16 pages (using rotation
parameters A).

Return Value

None

Remarks

This function sets the map number for 16 pages for the matrix passed as the
parameter.

ABCD
EFGH
IJKL
MNOP

The matrix is set up for the pages in the 4 x 4 configuration shown above in the
sequence A, B, C... N, O, P.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

sl16MapRA

Scroll Function

void

slBackColSet

Background screen single-color setup

Format

void slBack1ColSet(colptr , rgbptr)
void *colptr ; Uint16 rgbptr ;

Parameters

colptr

Starting address in VRAM where the background color is stored

rgbptr

Color data, 5 bits for each of red, green, and blue

Function

This function sets up the background screen.
The "background screen" is the graphics screen that is displayed in the
background in those areas where absolutely nothing else is displayed.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Although the background screen color specification is made with the parameter
"rgbptr", refer to the RGB mode color sample "RGB_flag" in the include file
"sl_def.h" for the substitution values.

RGB mode color sample

#define

CD_Black

(0<<10) : (0<<5) : RGB_Flag

#define

CD_DarkRed

(0<<10) : (0<<5) : RGB_Flag

#define

CD_DarkGreen

(0<<10) : (0<<5) : RGB_Flag

_ç

#define

CD_Purple

(0<<10) : (0<<5) : RGB_Flag

#define

CD_Margenta

(0<<10) : (0<<5) : RGB_Flag

#define

CD_White

(0<<10) : (0<<5) : RGB_Flag

Note: The above values are defined in "sl_def.h",provided with the system.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slBack1ColSet

Scroll Function

void

slBitMapNbg0,1

Bitmap mode setting

Format

void slBitMapNbg0(col_type,bmsize)
void slBitMapNbg1(col_type,bmsize)
Uint16col_type;
Uint16bmsize;

Parameters

col_type

Color mode flag

bmsize VRAM Bitmap size flag

Function

This function changes the screen to bitmap mode, and sets the color mode and
bitmap size.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to the tables below for the flags to be substituted for the parameters. Note,
however, the 16.77 million color specification can only be specified for NBG0.

Color mode flag

Palette format

RGB format

16 colors

256 colors

2048 colors

32,768 colors

16.77 million colors

Substitution value

COL_TYPE_16

COL_TYPE_256

COL_TYPE-2048

COL_TYPE_32768

COL_TYPE_1M

Note: In color RAM mode 0 or 2, "2048 colors" becomes "1024 colors."

Bitmap size

512 x 256 (H x V))

512 x 512 (H x V)

1024 x 256 (H x V))

1024 x 512 (H x V)

Substitution value

BM_512x256

BM_512x512

BM_1024x256

BM_1024x512

Note: The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2 (VDP2)

slBitMapNbg0, 1

Scroll Function

void

slBMPaletteNbg0,1

Bitmap screen palette number setting (NBG)

Format

void slBMPaletteNbg0(pal)
void slBMPaletteNbg1(pal)
Uint16 pal;

Parameters

pal

Palette number (0 to 7)

Function

This function sets the palette number when displaying the bitmap screen in palette
format.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2 (VDP2)

slBMPaletteRbg0,1

Scroll Function

void

slCharNbg0,1,2,3

NBG character control setup

Format

void slCharNbg0(col_type , chara_size)
void slCharNbg1(col_type , chara_size)
void slCharNbg2(col_type , chara_size)
void slCharNbg3(col_type , chara_size)
Uint16 col_type ,
Uint16 chara_size ;

Parameters

col_type

flag for the specification of the number of colors for the scroll

chara_size

flag for the character size specification

Function

This function sets the character size and the number of colors used on normal
scrolls NBG0, NBG1, NBG2, and NBG3.
Refer to the table below for the substitution values for the parameters.

Return Value

None

Remarks

When the color RAM mode is 0 or 2, the 2048-color specification becomes 1024
colors. In addition, the maximum number of colors that can be specified differs
according to the scroll screen type.

Number of character colors

Character size

Palette format

RGB format

16 colors

256 colors

2048 colors

32,768 colors

16.77 million colors

1 x 1

2 x 2

Substitution value

COL_TYPE_16

COL_TYPE_256

COL_TYPE_2048

COL_TYPE_32768

COL_TYPE_1M

CHAR_SIZE_1x1

CHAR_SIZE_2x2

Note 1:In color RAM mode 0 or 2, "2048 colors" becomes "1024 colors."

Note 2:The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slCharNbg0,1,2,3

Scroll Function

void

slCharRbg0

RBG character control setup

Format

void slCharRbg0(col_type , chara_size)
Uint16 col_type ,
Uint16 chara_size ;

Parameters

col_type

flag for the specification of the number of colors for the scroll

chara_size

flag for the character size specification

Function

This function sets the character size and the number of colors used on rotating
scroll RBG0.

Refer to the table below for the substitution values for the parameters.

Return Value

None

Remarks

When the color RAM mode is 0 or 2, the 2048-color specification becomes 1024
colors.

Number of character colors

Character size

Palette format

RGB format

16 colors

256 colors

2048 colors

32,768 colors

16.77 million colors

1 x 1

2 x 2

Substitution value

COL_TYPE_16

COL_TYPE_256

COL_TYPE_2048

COL_TYPE_32768

COL_TYPE_1M

CHAR_SIZE_1x1

CHAR_SIZE_2x2

Note 1:In color RAM mode 0 or 2, "2048 colors" becomes "1024 colors."

Note 2:The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slCharRbg0

Scroll Function

void

slColOffsetOn

Color offset enable setting

Format

void slColOfsetOn(flag)
Uint16 flag ;

Parameters

flag

Screen specification

Function

This function sets the screen that will be affected by the color offset set by the
function "slColOfsetA".

The "or" operator ("|") can be used to link together multiple parameters so that
multiple screens can be set simultaneously.

Return Value

None

Remarks

For the parameter, substitute the value from the table shown below corresponding
to the scroll screen to be registered.

Scroll screen being registered

NBG0

NBG1

NBG2

NBG3

RBG0

BACK

SPRITE

Substitution value

NBG0ON

NBG1ON

NBG2ON

NBG3ON

RBG0ON

BACKON

SPRON

Note: The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slColOffsetOn

Scroll Function

void

slColOffsetBUse

Color offset select

Format

void slColOfsetBUse(flag)
Uint16 flag;

Parameters

flag

Screen

Function

This function sets the screen that will be affected by the color offset set by the
function "slColOfsetB".

The "or" operator ("|") can be used to link together multiple parameters so that
multiple screen can be set simultaneously.

Return Value

None

Remarks

For the parameter, substitute the value from the table shown below corresponding
to the scroll screen to be registered.

Scroll screen being registered

NBG0

NBG1

NBG2

NBG3

RBG0

BACK

SPRITE

Substitution value

NBG0ON

NBG1ON

NBG2ON

NBG3ON

RBG0ON

BACKON

SPRON

Note: The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slColOffsetBUse

Scroll Function

void

slColOffsetA,B

Color offset setting

Format

void slColOfsetA(r , g , b)
void slColOfsetB(r , g , b)
Sint16 r ;
Sint16 g ,
Sint16 b ;

Parameters

Red offset value (signed 9 bits)

Green offset value (signed 9 bits)

Blue offset value (signed 9 bits)

Function

These functions set the color offset values for red green and blue. The function
"slColOfsetA" sets the offset values used for color offsets A, and the function
"slColOfsetB" sets the offset values used for color offsets B.

Return Value

None

Remarks

To set a negative value for an offset value, substitute the complement of the
absolute value of that number.

Color offset processing is executed after color operation processing.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slColOffsetA,B

Scroll Function

void

slColorCalc

Color calculation control setting

Format

void slColorCalc( flag )
Uint16 flag ;

Parameters

flag

Color calculation control parameter

Function

This function sets parameters for color calculations, etc.

Return Value

None

Remarks

For the parameters, substitute the values in the table below according to the
functions being used. Refer to "HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2" (VDP2 User's
Manual: p. 241) for details.

Calculation method

:[CC_RATE | CC_ADD] |

Image for which calculation is specified

:[CC_TOP | CC_2ND] |

Extended color operations

:[CC_EXT] |

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slColorCalc

_oe ColorCalc substitution values

_oe

Scroll Function

void

slColorCalcOn

Color calculation control enable setting

Format

void slColorCalcOn( flag )
Uint16 flag ;

Parameters

flag

Specifies the screens on which color calculation is performed

Function

This function sets the screen that is affected by color calculation control.
The "or" operator ("|") can be used to link together multiple parameters so that
multiple screens can be set simultaneously.

Return Value

None

Remarks

For the parameters, substitute the values in the table below according to the scroll
screen being registered.

Scroll screen being registered

NBG0

NBG1

NBG2

RBG0

BACK

SPRITE

Substitution value

NBG0ON

NBG1ON

NBG2ON

NBG3ON

RBG0ON

BACKON

SPRON

Note: The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slColorCalcOn

Scroll Function

void

sllColRAMMode

Color RAM mode setting

Format

void slColRAMMode(mode)
Uint16 mode ;

Parameters

mode

Uint16-type variable corresponding to the color RAM mode

Substitute the following values defined in "sl_def.h" for mode:
CRM16_1024: color RAM mode 0
CRM16_2048: color RAM mode 1
CRM32_1024: color RAM mode 2

Function

This function determines the color RAM mode.

Always be sure to set the color RAM mode before storing color data in color RAM.

For the parameter, substitute the value corresponding to the desired color RAM
mode.
For details on each color RAM mode, refer to the table below.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The default color RAM mode is mode 1.

The specifics of each mode are shown in the table below. For details on color
RAM mode, refer to "HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2" (VDP2 User's Manual: p.. 43).

Color RAM mode

Color bits

Data size

Number of colors

Mode 0

5 bits for each of R, G, and B; total of 15 bits

1 word

1024 colors out of 32,768 colors

Mode 1

5 bits for each of R, G, and B; total of 15 bits

1 word

2048 colors out of 32,768 colors

Mode 2

8 bits for each of R, G, and B; total of 24 bits

2 words

1024 colors out of 16.77 million colors

Note:In color mode 0, color RAM is divided into two partitions, each storing the same color data.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slColRAMMode

Scroll Function

void

slColRateBACK

Background screen color calculation ratio setting

Format

void slColRateBACK(rate)
Uint16 rate ;

Parameters

rate

Color calculation ratio (0x00 to 0x1f)

Function

This function sets the color calculation ratio used for color calculations for the
background screen.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The range of calculation ratio values that can be set for the parameter is 0x00 to 0x1f.
Each of these values represents a calculation ratio; for example, if "rate = 0x0f" is
substituted, the calculation ratio between the top image and the 2nd image is 16:16.
For details on the relationship between the substitution value and the calculation ratio,
refer to the table on page 244 of the VDP2 User's Manual of the HARDWARE
MANUAL vol. 2.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slColRateBACK

Scroll Function

void

slColRateLNCL

Line color screen color calculation ratio setting

Format

void slColRateLNCL(rate)
Uint16 rate ;

Parameters

rate

Color calculation ratio

Function

This function sets the color calculation ratio used for color calculations for the line
color screen

Return Value

None

Remarks

The range of calculation ratio values that can be set for the parameter is 0x00 to
0x1f. Each of these values represents a calculation ratio; for example, if "rate =
0x0f" is substituted, the calculation ratio between the top image and the 2nd
image is 16:16. For details on the relationship between the substitution value and
the calculation ratio, refer to the table on page 244 of the VDP2 User's Manual of
the HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slColRateLNCL

Scroll Function

void

slColRateNbg0,1,2,3

NBG color calculation ratio setting

Format

void slColRateNbg0(rate)
void slColRateNbg1(rate)
void slColRateNbg2(rate)
void slColRateNbg3(rate)
Uint16 rate ;

Parameters

rate

Color calculation ratio

Function

This function sets the color calculation ratio used for color calculations for each
screen

Return Value

None

Remarks

The range of calculation ratio values that can be set for the parameter is 0x00 to
0x1f. Each of these values represents a calculation ratio; for example, if "rate =
0x0f" is substituted, the calculation ratio between the top image and the 2nd
image is 16:16. For details on the relationship between the substitution value and
the calculation ratio, refer to the table on page 244 of the VDP2 User's Manual of
the HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slColRateNBG01,2,3

Scroll Function

void

slColRateRbg0

RBG color calculation ratio setting

Format

void slColRateRbg0(rate)
Uint16 rate ;

Parameters

rate

Color calculation ratio

Function

This function sets the color calculation ratio used for color calculations for the
rotating scroll screen.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The range of calculation ratio values that can be set for the parameter is 0x00 to
0x1f. Each of these values represents a calculation ratio; for example, if "rate =
0x0f" is substituted, the calculation ratio between the top image and the 2nd
image is 16:16. For details on the relationship between the substitution value and
the calculation ratio, refer to the table on page 244 of the VDP2 User's Manual of
the HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slColRateRbg0

Scroll Function

void

slCurRpara

Current rotation parameter change

Format

void slCurRpara(flag)
Uint16 flag ;

Parameters

flag

Rotation parameter specification

Function

Specifies either rotation parameters A or B as the operative parameters.

Return Value

None

Remarks

For the parameter, substitute a value from the table below corresponding to the
rotation parameters to be used.

Rotation parameters A

Rotation parameters B

Substitution value

Note: The actual values are defined in "sLdef.h".

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slCurRpara

Scroll Function

void

slDispCenterR

RBG rotation center coordinates setting

Format

void slDispCenterR(x , y)
FIXED x ,
FIXED y ;

Parameters

X coordinate (screen coordinate system) of center of rotation for rotating

scroll
y

Y coordinate (screen coordinate system) of center of rotation for rotating

scroll

Function

This function sets the coordinates of the center of rotation for the rotating scroll.
These coordinates determine the position around which the rotating scroll rotates.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The rotating scroll display position is determined according to the placement of the
monitor, using the rotation center coordinates as a reference point, in the
placement coordinates on the scroll map. Use the function "slLookR" to determine
the placement coordinates of the rotating scroll. For the relationship between
rotation and placement, refer to the following diagrams.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slDispCenterR

( 0 . 0 )

Placement coordinates

Rotating scroll map

( 0 . 0 )

Rotation center
coordinates

Monitor

Rotating scroll map

Monitor

Z axis rotation: -90¡

Rotating scroll map

Note: The positive direction on the Z axis
for the scroll screen is towards the viewer.

_Ë

Placement

_Ë

Rotation

Scroll Function

void

slKtableRA,B

Coefficient table control settings

Format

void slKtableRA(ktable_adr , mode)
void slKtableRB(ktable_adr , mode)
void *ktable_adr;
Uint16 mode;

Parameters

ktable_adr

Coefficient table address in VRAM

mode

Coefficient table control mode

Function

This function sets the coefficient table address in VRAM in a register and also
specifies how the coefficient table is to be used and its configuration.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The following parameters can be specified:

Table usage

:[K_OFF

K_ON

] |

Coefficient data size

:[K_2WORD

K_1WORD ] |

Coefficient mode

:[K_MODE0

K_MODE1 | K_MODE2 | K_MODE3 ] |

Line color :[K_LINECOL

] |

Unit of change

:[K_DOT

K_LINE

] |

Fix coefficients

: [K_FIX

] |

Note: If "fix coefficients" is specified as one of the parameters, the coefficient table

is assumed to beprepared beforehand and is not calculated in real time

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls

slKtableRA,B

_oe slKtableRA,B substitution values ¥_oe

Scroll Function

void

slLine1ColSet

Line single-color setting matrix setting

Format

void slLine1ColSet(adr , col)
void *adr ;
Uint16 col ;

Parameters

adr

Line color table address in VRAM

col

Color number

Function

This function sets the line color screen to a single color and sets that color.

Return Value

None

Remarks

For details on the line color screen, refer to Hardware Manual vol.2 (VDP2 User's
Manual: p.172).

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slLine1ColSet

Scroll Function

void

slLineColDisp

Line color screen enable setting

Format

void slLineColDisp(flag)
Uint16 flag ;

Parameters

flag

Screen specification

Function

This function sets the screen that is to be affected by the line color when it is the
top image. Multiple screen specification is possible using the "or" operator.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The parameters that can be specified are shown in the table below.

Scroll screen to be registered

NBG0

NBG1

NBG2

NBG3

RBG0

Substitution value

NBG0ON

NBG1ON

NBG2ON

NBG3ON

RBG0ON

Note: The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slLineColDisp

Scroll Function

void

slLineColTable

Line color table setting

Format

void slLineColTable(adr)
void *adr ,

Parameters

adr

Line color table address in VRAM

Function

This function sets the line color table address in VRAM in the register.

Return Value

None

Remarks

For details on the line color screen, refer to Hardware Manual vol.2 (VDP2 User's
Manual: p-173)

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slLineColTable

Scroll Function

void

slLineScrollModeNbg0,1

Line scroll mode and vertical cell scroll mode setting

Format

void sLineScrollModeNbg0(mode)
void slLineScrollModeNbg1(mode)
Uint16 mode;

Parameters

mode

Line scroll mode flag

Function

This function sets the line scroll mode and vertical cell scroll mode for the scroll
screen

Return Value

None

Remarks

Line width

Horizontal scaling

: [ lineZoom] |

Vertical scrolling

: [ lineVScroll] |

Horizontal scrolling

: [ lineHScroll] |

Vertical cell scrolling

: [ VCellScroll]

Note: The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2 (VDP2)

slLineScrollModeNbg0,1

_oe Line scroll setting flags _oe

Scroll Function

void

slLineScrollTable0,1

Line scroll table address setting

Format

void slLineScrollTable0(adr)
void slLineScrollTable1(adr)
void *adr;

Parameters

adr

Line scroll table address in VRAM

Function

This function sets the starting address for the line scroll table in VRAM where the
line scroll data was set

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2 (VDP2)

slLineScrollTable0,1

Scroll Function

( 0 . 0 )

Placement coordinates

Rotating scroll map

( 0 . 0 )

Rotation center
coordinates

Monitor

Rotating scroll map

Monitor

Z axis rotation: -90¡

Rotating scroll map

Note: The positive direction on the Z axis
for the scroll screen is towards the viewer.

_Ë

Placement

_Ë

Rotation

void

slLookR

RBG placement coordinate setting

Format

void slLookR(x , y)
FIXED x ;
FIXED y ;

Parameters

X coordinate (scroll coordinate system) for rotating scroll placement

Y coordinate (scroll coordinate system) for rotating scroll placement

Function

This function sets the placement coordinates for the rotating scroll screen. The
placement coordinates indicate a point on the scroll map. The rotating scroll
screen display position is determined by placing the monitor so that the rotation
center coordinates overlay the placement coordinates.

For the parameters, substitute the XY coordinate values corresponding to the
scroll coordinate system.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The rotating scroll display position is determined according to the placement of the
monitor, using the rotation center coordinates as a reference point, in the
placement coordinates on the scroll map. Use the function "slDispCenterR" to
determine the rotation center coordinates of the rotating scroll. For the
relationship between rotation and placement, refer to the following diagrams.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slLookR

Scroll Function

void

slMakeKtable

Coefficient table creation

Format

void slMakeKtable(adr)
void*adr;

Parameters

adr

Coefficient table address in VRAM

Function

This function creates at the specified address in VRAM the coefficient table to be
used for three-dimensional rotation. ("adr" must be specified within the VDP2 RAM
area.)

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slMakeKtable

Scroll Function

void

slMapNbg0,1,2,3

NBG map setting

Format

void slMapNbg0(a , b , c , d)
void slMapNbg1(a , b , c , d)
void slMapNbg2(a , b , c , d)
void slMapNbg3(a , b , c , d)
void *a , *b , *c , *c;

Parameters

Starting address in VRAM of pattern name data table for plane a

Starting address in VRAM of pattern name data table for plane b

Starting address in VRAM of pattern name data table for plane c

Starting address in VRAM of pattern name data table for plane d

Function

This function sets up the normal scroll map.

For the parameters, substitute the starting addresses in VRAM of the pattern
name data tables to be registered in the map register and the map offset register.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slMapNbg0,1,2,3

Scroll Function

void

slOverRA

RBG screen overflow processing setting (for rotation parameters A)

Format

void sllOverRA(mode)
Uint16 mode;

Parameters

mode

Uint16-type value corresponding to the screen overflow processing mode

specification

0: Outside of the display area, repeat image set in the display area
1: Outside of the display area, repeat the specified character pattern
2: Outside of the display area, leave entire area clear
3: Outside of the 512 (vertical) x 512 (horizontal) display area, leave

everything clear

Function

This function sets the screen overflow processing mode for the rotating scroll. The
screen overflow processing setting specifies how, when the rotating scroll graphics
go beyond the display area, to process the portion that exceeds the display area.
This setting is made for the rotating scroll plane size register.

Return Value

None

Remarks

When the rotating scroll is in bitmap format, mode 1 cannot be set.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slOverRA

Scroll Function

void

slOverRB

RBG screen overflow processing setting (for rotation parameters B)

Format

void slOverRB(mode)
Uint16 mode;

Parameters

mode

Uint16-type value corresponding to the screen overflow processing mode

specification

everything clear

Function

Return Value

None

Remarks

When the rotating scroll is in bitmap format, mode 1 cannot be set.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slOverRB:

Scroll Function

void

slPageNbg0,1,2,3

NBG pattern name data registration

Format

void slPageNbg0(celadr , coladr , type)
void slPageNbg1(celadr , coladr , type)
void slPageNbg2(celadr , coladr , type)
void slPageNbg3(celadr , coladr , type)
void *celadr ;
void *coladr ;
UInt16 type ;

Parameters

celadr Starting address in VRAM of cell data stored in VRAM
coladr Starting address in color RAM of color data used by cells
type

Flag corresponding to the pattern name data-type specification

Function

This function sets up the normal scroll NBG0, NBG1, NBG2, and NBG3 pages.
For the parameters, specify, respectively, to the starting address (in VRAM) of the
character pattern data used on the scroll screen, the starting address (in color
RAM) for the color data used for the character patterns, and a Uint16-type value
corresponding to the pattern name data-type specification.

Return Value

None

Remarks

For the parameter "type", specify a value from the following table corresponding to
the pattern name data type.

Word length Character number bits

Substitution value

1 word

Low-order 10 bits

PNB_1WORD

Low-order 12-bits

PNB_1WORD|CN_12BIT

2 words

Low-order 16-bits

PNB_2WORD

Note: The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slPageNbg0,1,2,3

Scroll Function

void

slPageRbg0

RBG pattern name data registration

Format

void slPageRbg0(celadr , coladr , type)
void *celadr ,
void *coladr ,
Uint16 type ,

Parameters

celadr Starting address in VRAM of cell data stored in VRAM
coladr Starting address in color RAM of color data used by cells
type

Flag corresponding to the pattern name data-type specification

Function

This function sets up the rotating scroll RBG0 page. For the parameters, specify,
respectively, the starting address (in VRAM) of the character pattern data used on
the scroll screen, the starting address (in color RAM) for the color data used for the
character patterns, and a Uint16-type value corresponding to the pattern name
data-type specification.

Return Value

None

Remarks

For the parameter "type", specify a value from the following table corresponding to
the pattern name data type.

Word length Character number bits

Substitution value

1 word

Low-order 10 bits

PNB_1WORD

Low-order 12-bits

PNB_1WORD|CN_12BIT

2 words

Low-order 16-bits

PNB_2WORD

Note: The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slPageRbg0

Scroll Function

void

slPlaneNbg0,1,2,3

NBG plane size setting

Format

void slPlaneNbg0(type)
void slPlaneNbg1(type)
void slPlaneNbg2(type)
void slPlaneNbg3(type)
Unit16 type ;

Parameters

type

Flag corresponding to the plane size specification

Function

This function sets the plane size for normal scrolls. Refer to the table below for
the substitution values for the parameter.

Return Value

None

Remarks

When the reduction setting is set to 1/4x, do not set the plane size as 2 x 2.

This is due to the fact that the map size is different when the reduction setting is
set to 1/4x. The 1 x 1 and 2 x 1 settings can be used without any problems.

Plane size

1 (horizontal) x 1 (vertical)

2 (horizontal) x 1 (vertical)

2 (horizontal) x 2 (vertical)

Substitution value

PL_SIZE_1x1

PL_SIZE_2x1

PL_SIZE_2x2

Note: The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slPlaneNbg0,1,2,3

Scroll Function

void

slPlaneRA

RBG plane size setting (for rotation parameters A)

Format

void slPlaneRA(type)
Uint16 type ;

Parameters

type

Flag corresponding to the plane size specification

Function

This function sets the plane size for rotating scrolls (using rotation parameters A).
Refer to the table below for the substitution values for the parameter.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Plane size

1 (horizontal) x 1 (vertical)

2 (horizontal) x 1 (vertical)

2 (horizontal) x 2 (vertical)

Substitution value

PL_SIZE_1x1

PL_SIZE_2x1

PL_SIZE_2x2

Note: The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slPlaneRA

Scroll Function

void

slPlaneRB

RBG plane size setting (for rotation parameters B)

Format

void slPlaneRB(type)
Uint16 type ;

Parameters

type

Uint16-type value corresponding to the plane size specification

Function

This function sets the plane size for rotating scrolls (using rotation parameters B).
Refer to the table below for the substitution values for the parameter.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Plane size

1 (horizontal) x 1 (vertical)

2 (horizontal) x 1 (vertical)

2 (horizontal) x 2 (vertical)

Substitution value

PL_SIZE_1x1

PL_SIZE_2x1

PL_SIZE_2x2

Note: The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slPlaneRB

Scroll Function

void

slPriorityRbg0

RBG priority setting

Format

void slPriorityRbg0(num)
Uint16 num ;

Parameters

num

Graphics priority number (8 levels, from 0 to 7)

Function

This function assigns a priority ranking to the rotating scroll.

Higher priority numbers represent a higher display priority, so the smaller the
priority number, the farther back the associated scroll screen is displayed.

If the priority number assigned is "0", the scroll is regarded to be clear and is not
displayed.

Return Value

None

Remarks

If more than one scroll or polygon has been assigned the same priority number,
their respective priority is ranked as shown below.

SPRITE>RBG0>NBG0>NBG1>NBG2>NBG3

High (forefront of screen)

Low (background of screen)

Note: Polygons are included in "sprites".

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slPriorityRbg0

_oe

Priority when priority numbers are equal

_oe

Scroll Function

void

slPriorityNbg0,1,2,3

NBG priority setting

Format

void slPriorityNbg0(num)
void slPriorityNbg1(num)
void slPriorityNbg2(num)
void slPriorityNbg3(num)
Uint16 num ;

Parameters

num

Graphics priority number (8 levels, from 0 to 7)

Function

This function assigns a priority ranking to the normal scrolls NBG0, NBG1, NBG2,
and NBG3.

Higher priority numbers represent a higher display priority, so the smaller the
priority number, the farther back the associated scroll screen is displayed.

If the priority number assigned is "0", the scroll is regarded to be clear and is not
displayed.

Return Value

None

Remarks

If more than one scroll or polygon has been assigned the same priority number,
their respective priority is ranked as shown below.

SPRITE>RBG0>NBG0>NBG1>NBG2>NBG3

High (forefront of screen)

Low (background of screen)

Note: Polygons are included in "sprites".

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slPriorityNbg0,1,2,3

_oe

Priority when priority numbers are equal

Scroll Function

void

slRparaInitSet

Rotation parameter table storage in VRAM

Format

void slRparaInitSet(ptr)
ROTSCROLL *ptr ;

Parameters

ptr

Starting address in VRAM where the rotation parameter table is stored

Function

This function stores in VRAM the rotation parameter table (size: 60H) used for the
rotating scroll.

Return Value

None

Remarks

When using the rotating scroll, be sure to store the rotation parameter table in
VRAM.

For details on the variable type ROTSCROLL, refer to "ROTSCROLL" in the
Structure Reference.

When setting the perspective (using the function "slPerspective", execute this
function first, before executing "slPerspective".

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slRparaInitSet

Scroll Function

void

slRparaMode

Rotation parameter mode setting

Format

void slRparaMode(mode)
Uint16 mode ;

Parameters

mode

Rotation parameter mode

Function

This function specifies the rotation parameter mode. This function makes it
possible to specify how rotation parameters A and B are used.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Specify one of the following values for the rotation parameter mode.

RA: Use only rotation parameters A.
RB: Use only rotation parameters B.
K_CHANGE: Change screens according to the coefficient data of rotation
parameters A
W_CHANGE: Change screens according to the rotation parameter window.

Mode 0 Mode 1

Mode 2

Mode 3

Substitution value

K_CHANGE

W_CHANGE

Note:The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls

slRparaMode

Scroll Function

void

slScrAutoDisp

Scroll registration (cycle pattern register setting)

Format

Uint16 slScrAutoDisp(ptr)
Uint32 ptr

Parameters

ptr

Scroll flag for setting the cycle pattern

Function

This function registers in the system those scrolls for which the function settings
have been completed. This function automatically sets the VRAM access
specification (in the cycle pattern register) for the scroll screen specified as the
parameter, and at the same time turns on the graphics setting for the registered
scroll.

Refer to the table below for the scroll flags to be substituted for the parameter.

To register multiple scrolls, use the "or" operator.

Return Value

If scroll registration was successful, the function returns a "0". (OK)

If scroll registration failed, the function returns a "-1" (NG).

Remarks

If scroll registration was unsuccessful, the function returns a "-1". This indicates
that the function settings and the number of screens in the scroll for which
registration was attempted was outside of the range that could be registered. In
this event, either decrease the number of screens to be registered, switch the
reduction setting from 1/4x to 1/2x, or make whatever changes need to be made,
and then attempt registration again.

Execute this function only after completing all of the scroll function settings.
This function also supports high-resoluting mode.

Scroll screen to be registered

NBG0

NBG1

NBG2

NBG3

RBG0

Substitution value

NBG0ON

NBG1ON

NBG2ON

NBG3ON

RBG0ON

Note:The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slScrAutoDisp

Scroll Function

void

slScrCycleSet

Cycle pattern setting

Format

void slScrCycleSet(a , b , c , d)
Uint32 a ;
Uint32 b ;
Uint32 c ;
Uint32 d ;

Parameters

Bank A-0 cycle pattern

Bank A-1 cycle pattern

Bank B-0 cycle pattern

Bank B-1 cycle pattern

Function

This function sets the cycle pattern for each bank. When each bank is partitioned,
cycle patterns can be set for a and b and for c and d. If the banks are not
partitioned, cycle patterns can be set for a and c. For details on the settings, refer
to pp. 31 and beyond in the HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2, VDP2 User's Manual.

Return Value

None

Remarks

If the function "slScrAutoDisp" is used, "slScrCycleSet" can be used to
automatically set the cycle pattern for displaying the scroll screen specified by
"slScrAutoDisp".

slScrCycleSet (0xffffffff , 0x66554444 , 0xffffffff , 0x0012ffff);

A0 access setting

A1 access setting

B0 access setting

B1 access setting

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2 (VDP2)

slScrCycleSet

Scroll Function

void

slScrDisp

Display setting for scroll specified as parameter

Format

void slScrDisp(mode)
Uint32 mode;

Parameters

mode

Display flag for scroll screen to be displayed

Function

This function makes the display setting for the scroll screen specified as the
parameter.

Refer to the table below for the parameter substitution values.

To simultaneously set multiple scrolls for display, link the parameters with the "or"
operator ("|").

Return Value

None

Remarks

The display setting determines which of the registered scrolls will actually undergo
drawing processing. Only those scroll screens for which the display setting is "ON"
will actually be drawn on the monitor by the drawing start declaration.

Scrolls that were registered by using the function "slAutoDisp" have their display
setting set to "ON" at the time of registration.

NBG0

NBG1

NBG2

NBG3

RBG0

OFF

Substitution

value

NBG0ON

NBG0OFF

NBG1ON

NBG1OFF

NBG2ON

NBG2OFF

NBG3ON

NBG3OFF

RBG0ON

RBG0OFF

Note:

The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

ON: Draw scroll screen.

OFF: Do not draw scroll screen.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls

slScrDisp

Scroll Function

void

slScrLineWindow0

Line window table0 setup

Format

void slScrLineWindow0(adr)
void *adr ;

Parameters

adr

Line window data address in VRAM

Function

This function sets the address in VRAM of line window data table 0.

Return Value

None

Remarks

To enable a window, set the high-order bit to "1". To disable a window, pass the
NULL value.

Ex.: address = 0x25e3f000 (when constant is specified)

Use window:
slLineWindow0((void*)(0x25e3f000@SPECIAL SYMBOL@0x80000000));

Do not use window:
slLineWindow0((void*)NULL);

address = 0x25e3f000 (when constant is specified)

Use window:
Sint16 *1ptr ;
1pts = (Sint16*) 0x25e3f000 ;
slLine Window0 ((void*)(1pts *@0x40000000)) ;

Do not use window:
slLine Window0 ((void*)NULL) ; 1pts is Sint16 (2-byte variable) pointer

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2 (VDP2)

slScrLineWindow0

Scroll Function

void

slScrMatConv

Convert current matrix to scroll format matrix

Format

void slScrMatConv(void)

Parameters

None

Function

This function converts the current matrix into a scroll-format matrix. If this function
is used, the current matrix is overwritten.

Return Value

None

Remarks

To save the current matrix, execute the matrix function "slPushMatrix" before
executing this function to rest the matrixs.
An example of how to save the current matrix is shown below.

slPushMatrix();

/* save current matrix */

{

slRotX(DegtoAng(90));

/* change sides to bottom */

slScrMatConv()

/* matrix conversion */

slScrMatSet();

/* rotation parameter setting */

}
slpopMatrix();

/* execute current matrix */

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2 (VDP2)

slScrMatConv

_oe

Saving the current matrix

_oe

Scroll Function

void

slScrMatSet

Matrix setting

Format

void slScrMatSet()

Parameters

None

Function

This function uses the current matrix to set the RBG0 rotation parameters.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Also supports high-resolution mode.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slScrMatSet

Scroll Function

void

slScrMosaicOn

Mosaic processing specification screen

Format

void slScrMosaicOn(screen)
Uint16 screen ;

Parameters

screen Flag for scroll on which mosaic processing is to be performed

Function

This function sets the scroll screen on which mosaic processing is to be performed.

Multiple scroll screens can be specified simultaneously by linking multiple
parameters together with the "or" operator.

Return Value

None

Remarks

For the parameter "screen", substitute the value from the table below
corresponding to the scroll screen being specified.

Scroll screen being specified

NBG0

NBG1

NBG2

NBG3

RBG0

Substitution value

NBG0ON

NBG1ON

NBG2ON

NBG3ON

RBG0ON

Note:The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2 (VDP2)

slScrMosaicOn

Scroll Function

void

slScrMosSize

Horizontal and vertical specification of mosaic processing size

Format

void slScrMosSize(Hsize , Vsize)
Uint16 Hsize ;
Uint16 Vsize ;

Parameters

Hsize

Horizontal size for mosaic processing

Vsize

Vertical size for mosaic processing

Function

This function specifies the horizontal and vertical sizes, in dots (range: 1 to 16), for
mosaic processing.
In non-interlaced mode, specify 1 to 16 dots in both the vertical and horizontal
directions.
In interlaced mode, specify 2 to 32 dots in the vertical direction and 1 to 16 dots in
the horizontal direction.
When mosaic processing is performed on the rotating scroll, it is only performed in
the horizontal direction.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2 (VDP2)

slScrMosSize

Scroll Function

void

slScrPosNbg0,1,2,3

NBG screen display position setting

Format

void slScrPosNbg0(x , y)
void slScrPosNbg1(x , y)
void slScrPosNbg2(x , y)
void slScrPosNbg3(x , y)
FIXED x ;
FIXED y ;

Parameters

X coordinate (scroll coordinate system) for normal scroll placement

Y coordinate (scroll coordinate system) for normal scroll placement

Function

This function positions the respective normal scroll screens NBG0, NBG1, NBG2,
and NBG3. For the parameters, specify the XY scroll coordinate values that
indicate the display position.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The concept behind the display position specification for normal scroll screens is
illustrated below. (The monitor is positioned on the scroll map.)

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slScrPosNbg0,1,2,3

Move position to right

Monitor

Nomal scroll map

a) Initial state

Monitor

b) Move to right

_Ë

The scroll display position is processed through the scroll screen
coordinate system.

This coordinate system designates the upper-left corner of each
scroll or map as the origin.

The scroll display position is specified by indicating where in the
coordinate system the monitor should be positioned.
(The representative points the upper-left corner of the monitor.)

As a result, if the scroll display position coordinates are moved in
the positive direction along the X axis (to the right), the monitor
moves to the right on the scroll map, giving the appearance that
the scroll is moving to the left.

Scroll Function

void

slScrTransparent

Transparent enable display setting

Format

void slScrTransparent(flag)
Uint16 flag ;

Parameters

flag

Flag specifying the transparent display setting

Function

This function specifies the handling of the transparent color for each scroll.

The specification can be made for multiple scroll screens simultaneously by linking
the parameters with the "or" operator.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The parameters shown below can be specified for "flag".

For scroll screens specified by the parameter, the No. 0 character is drawn
according to the data for that character; for scroll screens not specified by the
parameter, the No. 0 character is drawn on the screen as a transparent character.

Scroll screen being specified

NBG0

NBG1

NBG2

NBG3

RBG0

Substitution

value

NBG0ON

NBG1ON

NBG2ON

NBG3ON

RBG0ON

Note:The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slScrTransparent

Scroll Function

void

slScrWindow0

Scroll rectangular window 0setting

Format

void slScrWindow0(Left , Top , Right , Bottom)
Uint16 Left ;
Uint16 Top ;
Uint16 Right ;
Uint16 Bottom ;

Parameters

Left

X coordinate of upper left corner of window

Top

Y coordinate of upper left corner of window

Right

X coordinate of lower right corner of window

Bottom Y coordinate of lower right corner of window

Function

This function specifies the scroll window 0 area. The rectangular window area is
defined by specifying the upper left coordinates (Left, Top) and the lower right
coordinates (Right, Bottom).

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2 (VDP2)

slScrWindow0

( 0 . 0 )

Window

top

bottom

left

right

Monitor

( 319, 223 )

Note: "left", "top", "right" and "bottom" indicate the XY coordinate values for the monitor

Scroll Function

void

slScrWindowModeNbg0,1,2,3

NBG window usage mode setting

Format

void slScrWindowModeNbg0(mode)
void slScrWindowModeNbg1(mode)
void slScrWindowModeNbg2(mode)
void slScrWindowModeNbg3(mode)
Uint16 mode ;

Parameters

mode

Window usage mode flag

Function

This function sets the NBG0 to 3 window usage mode.

Return Value

None

Remarks

For the parameters, substitute the values shown in the illustration below. Multiple
parameters can be specified simultaneously by linking each group of parameters
with the "or" operator.

In the parameters shown below, "*_IN" displays the graphic element inside the
window, and "*_OUT" displays the graphic element outside the window.

Window 0

:[Use_win0 ] |

Window 1

:[Use_win1 ] |

Sprite window

:[Use_spw ] |

Window condition

:[win_OR | win_AND ]|

Display area setting (Win0)

:[win0_IN

| win0_OUT ] |

Display area setting (Win1)

:[win1_IN

| win1_OUT ] |

Display area setting (SpWin)

:[spw_IN | spw_OUT ] |

Note: The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2 (VDP2)

slScrWindowModeNBG0,1,2,3

_oe

slScrWindowMode substitution values

_oe

Scroll Function

void

slShadowOn

Shadow function setting

Format

void slShadowOn(scrn)
Uint16 scn;

Parameters

scrn

Flag corresponding to the scroll screen for which the shadow function is

set

Function

This function sets the scroll screen on which the shadow function is used.
Multiple scroll screens can be set simultaneously by linking multiple parameters
together with the "or" operator.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to the table below for the scroll flags that are substituted for the parameter.

When setting multiple scroll screens, use the "or" operator.

Scroll screen being specified

NBG0

NBG1

NBG2

NBG3

RBG0

BACK

Substitution value

NBG0ON

NBG1ON

NBG2ON

NBG3ON

RBG0ON

BACKON

Note: The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2 (VDP2)

slShadowOn

Scroll Function

void

slTVOff

Drawing end declaration

Format

void slTVOff()

Parameters

None

Function

This function turns off scroll drawing processing in the monitor.

Return Value

None

Remarks

To re-initiate drawing in the monitor, execute the drawing start declaration
"slTVOn".

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls'

slTVOff

Scroll Function

void

slTVOn

Drawing start declaration

Format

void slTVOn()

Parameters

None

Function

This function starts drawing in the scroll screen monitor.

Return Value

None

Remarks

To stop drawing in the monitor, execute the drawing end declaration "slTVOff".

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slTVOn

Scroll Function

void

slZoomModeNbg0,1

NBG expansion/reduction mode determination

Format

void slZoomModeNbg0(mode)
void slZoomModeNbg1(mode)
Uint16 mode ;

Parameters

mode

Flag corresponding to the zoom mode specification

Function

This function sets the expansion/reduction mode in the reduction enable register
for NBG0 and NBG1, which are the only normal scrolls that permit
expansion/reduction

Return Value

None

Remarks

Depending on the reduction setting, the range for expansion/reduction changes
as follows:

Reduction setting 1/1x: (1/1x to 256x)
Reduction setting 1/2x: (1/2x to 256x)
Reduction setting 1/4x: (1/4x to 256x)

Reduction setting

1/2x

1/4x

Substitution value

ZOOM_1

ZOOM_HALF

ZOOM_QUATER

Note: The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slZoomModeNbg0,1

Scroll Function

void

slZoomNbg0,1

NBG expansion/reduction

Format

void slZoomNbg0(x , y)
void slZoomNbg1(x , y)
FIXED x ,
FIXED y ,

Parameters

Reciprocal of expansion/reduction ratio in direction of X axis for normal

scroll
y

Reciprocal of expansion/reduction ratio in direction of Y axis for normal

scroll

Function

This function sets the expansion/reduction ratio for NBG0 and NBG1, the only
normal scrolls that permit expansion/reduction.

For the parameters, substitute the reciprocals of the scale values in the direction
of the X and Y axes, respectively. For example, to enlarge the figure by 2.0x in
the direction of the X axis, substitute 1/2 for the parameter "x".

Return Value

None

Remarks

The range over which expansion/reduction is possible differs according to the
reduction setting for the scroll screen being expanded/reduced.

The reduction setting is made by the function "slZoomModeNbg0,1".

For the expansion/reduction range according to the reduction setting, refer to the
table below.

Reduction setting

1/2x

1/4x

Expansion/reduction range

1x to 256x

1/2x to 256x 1/4x to 256x

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slZoomNbg0,1

Scroll Function

void

slZoomR

RBG expansion/reduction

Format

void slZoomR(x , y)
FIXED x ,
FIXED y ,

Parameters

Reciprocal of expansion/reduction ratio in direction of X axis for normal

scroll
y

Reciprocal of expansion/reduction ratio in direction of Y axis for normal

scroll

Function

This function sets the expansion/reduction ratio for the rotating scroll, and saves
the setting in the current rotation parameters.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Unlike with normal scrolls, the enlargement/reduction ratio can be set to any
desired ratio for the rotating scroll.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slZoomR

Scroll Function

void

slZrotR

RBG Z axis rotation

Format

void slZrotR(angz)
ANGLE angz ;

Parameters

angz

Rotation angle of rotating scroll versus Z axis

Function

This function rotates the rotating scroll versus the Z axis.

The Z axis (the positive direction is towards the viewer) is used as the rotation axis,
and rotation on the positive direction is towards the right (clockwise).

Return Value

None

Remarks

The coordinates specified by the function "slDispCenterR" are the center of
rotation for the rotating scroll. (The monitor rotates versus the scroll map.)

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slZrotR

( 0 . 0 )

Monitor

Screen scroll map

_Ë

Rotation

_Ë

Display

Z axis rotation: -45¡

Rotation scroll map

Rotating scroll rotation is achieved by rotating
the monitor versus the scroll map.

SpriteFunction

void

slDispSprit

Sprite display with specification of position, scale, and rotation angle

Format

void slDispSprite(pos , atrb , Zrot)
FIXED *pos ;
SPR_ATTR *atrb ;
ANGLE Zrot;

Parameters

pos[XYZ]

XYZ coordinate values for sprite placement, and scale value

atrb

Starting address of area where sprite characteristics are stored

Zrot

Z axis rotation angle

Function

This function displays a sprite, specifying the position, scale, and rotation angle.
Just as in the function "slPutPolygon", sorting is performed according to the Z
value. The display of a sprite set by this function is completely unaffected by
the current matrix.

Return Value

None

Remarks

If a negative value is input for the scale, calculate the scale according to the Z
position, multiply it by the complement of the scale, and use the result as the
display scale.

For example, if -2.0 is specified for the scale, and the sprite is in a position (Z
position) where it should be displayed at 0.5x, the sprite is displayed at 1.0x.

The display of the sprite is not affected by the current matrix.

Refer to: Chapter 9, "Controller Input"

slDispSprite

SpriteFunction

void

slPutSprite

Sprite display with perspective transformation effects

Format

void slPutSprite(pos , atrb , Zrot)
FIXED *pos ;
SPR_ATTR *atrb ;
ANGLE Zrot ;

Parameters

pos[XYZ]

XYZ coordinate values for sprite placement, and scale value

atrb

Starting address of area where sprite characteristics are stored

Zrot

Z axis rotation angle

Function

This function calculates the position using the current matrix and displays the
sprite after applying scaling effects in accordance with perspective
transformation.

As with the function "slDispSprite", scaling is performed according to the
specified scale value. If a negative value is specified, the absolute value is
used.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 9, "Controller Input"

slPutSprite

SpriteFunction

void

slSetSprite

Sprite data setting

Format

void slSetSprite(parms , Zpos)
SPRITE *parms ;
FIXED Zpos ;

Parameters

parms Starting address of area where sprite data is stored
Zpos

Z coordinate position

Function

This function sets the sprite

control command data to be transferred to the

hardware in the transfer list.

This function is used to set altered sprites that cannot be created with the library
functions or to set up a window that affects specific sprites only.

Return Value

None

Remarks

For details on the effects of execution of the function "slSetSprite", refer to p.
118 and beyond in HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2, VDP1 User's Manual.

Refer to: Chapter 9, "Controller Input"

slSetSprite

SpriteFunction

void

slSpriteType

Sprite data type specification

Format

void slSpriteType(type)
Uint16 type ;

Parameters

type

Sprite type (0 to 15)

Function

This function specifies the sprite data type.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Types 0 to 7 are for low resolution (320 or 352) and types 8 to 15 are for high
resolution (640 or 704); the data widths are 16 bits and 8 bits, respectively.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2 (VDP2)

slSpriteType

Text Display Function

void

slDispHex

Hexadecimal screen display

Format

void slDispHex(val , dspadd)
Uint32 val ,
void *dspadd ,

Parameters

val

Value to be displayed

dspadd Text display address ("slLocate" return value)

Function

This function displays the specified variable in eight hexadecimal digits. The
function "slDispHex" displays zeroes in the high-order digits. (Ex.: 00001234) If
you do not wish to display zeroes in the high-order digits, use the function
"slPrintHex" (which will replace the zeroes with spaces; ex.: 1234).

Return Value

None

Remarks

The text and numeric value display function group set and register the

normal

scroll NBG0 and the ASCII cells during system initialization and use these ASCII
cells to display numeric values If, for some reason, this default data is
overwritten, text and numeric values will not be displayed properly.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slDispHex

Text Display Function

void

slLocate

Display position calculation (parameters: cell specification)

Format

void *slLocate(xpos , ypos)
Uint16 xpos ,
Uint16 ypos ,

Parameters

xpos

X coordinate of text display position (range: 0 to 63 cells)

ypos

Y coordinate of text display position (range: 0 to 63 cells)

Function

This function returns the address value for text display.

The parameters indicate the XY coordinate position (in cell units) of the display
on the screen. One cell consists of 8 x 8 dots, and a normal scroll screen
consists of 64 x 64 cells.

Return Value

Text display address value

Remarks

Example of how to use the function "slLocate"

Uint16x=y=2;
slPrint("ABC",slLocate (x,y));

_@_@_@

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slLocate

Uint16x=y=2 ;
slPrint("ABC" ,slLocate(3,2));

¥ The grid in the diagram at left indicates individual cells.
¥ One cell consists of 8 x 8 dots, and the upper-left corner is the origin.

Text Display Function

void

slPrint

Character string screen display

Format

void slPrint(string , dspadd)
char *string ,
void *dspadd ,

Parameters

string

Text string to be displayed

dspadd Text display address ("slLocate" return value)

Function

This function displays the character string specified as a parameter on the
screen.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slPrint

Text Display Function

void

slPrintFX

Fixed-point decimal screen display

Format

void slPrintFX(val , dspadd)
FIXED val ,
void *dspadd ,

Parameters

val

FIXED-type numeric value to be displayed

dspadd Text display address ("slLocate" return value

Function

This function displays the FIXED-type value specified as a parameter on the
screen. Zeroes in the high-order digits in the integer portion of the value and
zeroes in the low-order digits in the decimal portion of the value are displayed as
spaces. The integer portion and the decimal portion are both displayed as five-
digit decimal numbers. If the value is negative, a "-" is displayed.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Ex.:

val = 0x00108000 _¨

16.5

val = 0xffedc000 _¨

-19.25

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slPrintFX

Text Display Function

void

slPrintHex

Hexadecimal screen display (zeroes in high-order digits are not displayed)

Format

void slPrintHex(val , dspadd)
Uint32 val ,
void *dspadd ,

Parameters

val

Value to be displayed

dspadd Text display address ("slLocate" return value)

Function

This function displays the specified variable as an eight-digit hexadecimal
number on the screen. The function "slPrintHex" does not display zeroes in the
high-order digits. Zeroes in high-order digits are replaced with spaces. (Ex.:
1234) To display zeroes in the high-order digits, use the function "slDispHex".
(Ex.: 00001234)

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slPrintHex

Text Display Function

void

slPrintMatrix

Matrix screen display

Format

void slPrintMatrix(mtrx , dspadd)
MATRIX mtrx ,
void *dspadd ,

Parameters

mtrx

MATRIX-type variable to be displayed

dspadd Text display address ("slLocate" return value)

Function

This function displays the specified matrix as a 4-row x 3-column matrix on the
screen.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slPrintMatrix

Matrix Function

void

slGetMatrix

Hexadecimal screen display

Format

void slGetMatrix(mtpr)
MATRIXmtpr ;

Parameters

mtptr

Starting address of MATRIX-type variable to be copied (input)

Function

This function copies the current matrix to the specified matrix.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Example of usage:
MATRIXmat ;
slGetMatrix(mat) ;
slPrintMatrix(mat, slLocate(3,4)) ;

Refer to: Chapter 5, ""Matrices"

slGetMatrix

Matrix Function

void

slInitMatrix

Matrix variable and buffer initialization

Format

void *slInitMatrix()

Parameters

None

Function

This function initializes the variables and buffers used in matrix operations, and
prepares the environment matrix (unit matrix) for the current matrix.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 5, "Matrices"

slInitMatrix

Matrix Function

void

slInversMatrix

Current matrix inversion transformation

Format

void slInversMatrix()

Parameters

None

Function

This function inverts the current matrix

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to:

slInversMatrix

Matrix Function

void

slLoadMatrix

Copy specified matrix to current matrix

Format

void slIoadMatrix(mtptr)
MATRIX mtptr:

Parameters

mtptr

Starting address of the MATRIX-type variable to be copied (output)

Function

This function copies the specified matrix to the current matrix.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 5, "Matrices"

slLoadMatrix

Matrix Function

Projection surface

void

slLookAt

Multiply line of sight matrix by current matrix

Format

void slLookAt(camera, target, angz)
FIXED *camera;
FIXED *target;
ANGLE angz;

Parameters

camera[XYZ] XYZ coordinates indicating camera position
target[XYZ]

XYZ coordinates indicating target position

angz

Camera angle

Function

This function multiplies current matrix and the matrix (line of sight matrix) for
viewing the target from the specified camera position at the specified angle.

Return Value

None

Remarks

When a line of sight parallel with the Y axis is selected, vectors on the XZ plane
become small (the rotation around the Y axis cannot be determined) and graphics
may not be drawn properly; therefore, adjust the values so that the line of sight is
not parallel with the Y axis when using this function. The diagrams below illustrate
the line of sight concept.

Refer to: Chapter 6, "The Camera"

slLookAt

Angle: Angle of twist versus the line of sight

Line of sight

Object

a) Conceptual model of camera

Target

Viewpoint

b) Image seen by camera

Matrix Function

void

slMultiMatrix

Multiply specified matrix by current matrix

Format

void slMultiMatrix(mtptr)
MATRIX mtptr :

Parameters

mtptr

Starting address of MATRIX-type variable being multiplied (output)

Function

This function multiplies the specified matrix by the current matrix and makes the
result the new current matrix.

Return Value

None

Remarks

In the SGL, matrices are stored in memory as 4-row x 3-column matrices.
However, when performing mathematical operations on matrices such as with this
function, due to the fundamental concepts of matrix operations, the matrices are
expanded internally into 4-row x 4-column matrices (as shown below) when the
operations are executed.

A01 A00 A02

B01 B00 B02

A11 A10 A12

B11 B10 B12

A21 A20 A22

B21 B20 B22

A31 A30 A32

B31 B30 B32

C01 C00 C02

C11 C10 C12

C21 C20 C22

C31 C30 C32

Refer to: Chapter 5, "Matrices"

slMultiMatrix

A =

A*B = C =

B =

a) Matrices expanded into 4-row X 4-column matrices

Expanded matrix column

Convert to 4-row x
3-column matrix

_
Ë

b) Multiplication of expanded matrices and final result

Matrix Function

Bool

slPopMatrix

Calling a temporarily stored matrix

Format

Bool slPopMatrix()

Parameters

None

Function

This function sends the matrix buffer pointer back one step.

Return Value

If no matrices are nested, the function returns the FALSE value.

Remarks

The following diagram illustrates the stack model.

Refer to: Chapter 5, "Matrices"

slPopMatrix

_Ë

slPush

slTrance

slPop

_Ë

slPush

slTrance

slPop

Matrix Function

Bool

slPushMatrix

Temporary storage of matrix (up to 20 matrices can be nested

Format

Bool slPopMatrix()

Parameters

None

Function

This function advances the matrix buffer pointer, copies the previous current matrix
to the stack, and makes that the new current matrix.

Return Value

If pointer allocation failed, the function returns the FALSE value.

Remarks

Up to 20 matrices can be nested in the buffer.

If an attempt is made to nest more than 20 matrices in the matrix buffer, the
function returns the FALSE value.

The following diagram illustrates the stack model.

Refer to: Chapter 5, "Matrices"

slPushMatrix

_Ë

slPush

slTrance

slPop

_Ë

slPush

slTrance

slPop

Matrix Function

Bool

slPushUnitMatrix

Advance pointer and copy unit matrix to current matrix

Format

Bool slPushUnitMatrix()

Parameters

None

Function

This function advances the matrix buffer pointer and then sets a unit matrix in the
current matrix.

Return Value

If pointer allocation failed, the function returns the FALSE value.

Remarks

Up to 20 matrices can be nested in the buffer.

If an attempt is made to nest more than 20 matrices in the matrix buffer, the
function returns the FALSE value.

Refer to: Chapter 5, "Matrices"

slPushUnitMatrix

Matrix Function

void

slRotAX

Rotation around any axis that passes through origin alling a temporarily stored matrix

Format

void slRoaAX(vctx , vcty , vctz , anga)
FIXED vctx ;
FIXED vcty ;
FIXED vctz ;
ANGLE anga ;

Parameters

vctx X component of rotation axis vector
vcty Y component of rotation axis vector
vctz Z component of rotation axis vector
anga

Rotation angle

Function

This function adds rotation around any axis that passes through the origin. The
rotation axis vector that determines the axis of rotation must be specified by a unit
vector. The rotation matrix is expressed as shown below.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The rotation matrix used for adding rotation around any vector is shown below.

NxNx(1-C)+,b

NxNy(1-C)+NzS

NxNz(1-C)-NyS

Rax =

NyNx(1-C)-NzS

NyNy(1-C

NyNz(1-C)+NxS

NzNx(1-C)+NyS NzNy(1-C+NxS

NzNz(1-C)+C

0.0

Note:

Nx, Ny, and Nz are the X, Y, and Z components of the rotation axis vector.

S and C are the sine and cosine ofthe angle "anga".

Refer to: Chapter 4, "Coordinate Transformation

slRotAX

Matrix Function

void

slRotX

Adding rotation around X axis to current matrix

Format

void slRotX(angx)
ANGLEangx;

Parameters

angx

Angle of rotation around X axis

Function

This function multiplies an X axis rotation matrix with the current matrix. The
rotation matrix is expressed below.

Return Value

None

Remarks

1.0

0.0

cosÆ

sinÆ

0.0

-sinÆ

cosÆ

0.0

a) Rotation matrix for adding rotation around the X axis

Refer to: Chapter 4, "Coordinate Transformation

slRotX

Matrix Function

void

slRotXSC

Adding X axis rotation with sine and cosine specified

Format

void slRotXSC(sn , cs)
FIXED sn ;
FIXED cs ;

Parameters

Angle of rotation versus X axis after sine transformation

Angle of rotation versus X axis after cosine transformation

Function

This function specifies the sine and cosine and multiplies the values with the X-
axis rotation matrix. The rotation matrix is expressed as shown below.

Return Value

None

Remarks

1.0

0.0

Rxsc

0.0

s n

0.0

-sn

0.0

Note: "cs" and "sn" are the parameter substitution values

Refer to: Chapter 4, "Coordinate Transformation

slRotXSC

Matrix Function

void

slRotY

Adding rotation around Y axis to current matrix

Format

void slRotY(angy)
ANGLEangy ;

Parameters

angy

Angle of rotation around Y axis

Function

This function multiplies a Y axis rotation matrix with the current matrix. The rotation
matrix is expressed below.

Return Value

None

Remarks

cosÆ

.0.0

-sinÆ

0.0

1.0

0.0

sinÆ

0.0

cosÆ

0.0

a) Rotation matrix for adding rotation around the Y axis

Refer to: Chapter 4, "Coordinate Transformation"

slRotY

Matrix Function

void

slRotYSC

Adding Y axis rotation with sine and cosine specified

Format

void slRotYSC(sn , cs)
FIXED sn ;
FIXED cs ;

Parameters

Angle of rotation versus Y axis after sine transformation

Angle of rotation versus Y axis after cosine transformation

Function

This function specifies the sine and cosine and multiplies the values with the Y-
axis rotation matrix. The rotation matrix is expressed as shown below.

Return Value

None

Remarks

0.0

-sn

Rysc

0.0

1.0

0.0

s n

0.0

Note: "cs" and "sn" are the parameter substitution values

Refer to: Chapter 4, "Coordinate Transformation"

slRotYSC

Matrix Function

void

slRotZ

Adding rotation around Z axis to current matrix

Format

void slRotZ(angz)
ANGLEangz ;

Parameters

angz

Angle of rotation around Z axis

Function

This function multiplies a Z axis rotation matrix with the current matrix. The rotation
matrix is expressed below.

Return Value

None

Remarks

cosÆ

sinÆ

0.0

-sinÆ

cosÆ

0.0

1.0

0.0

a)Rotation matrix for adding rotation around the Z axis

Refer to: Chapter 4, "Coordinate Transformation"

slRotZ

Matrix Function

void

slRotZSC

Adding Z axis rotation with sine and cosine specified

Format

void slRotZSC(sn , cs)
FIXED sn ;
FIXED cs ;

Parameters

Angle of rotation versus Z axis after sine transformation

Angle of rotation versus Z axis after cosine transformation

Function

This function specifies the sine and cosine and multiplies the values with the Z-
axis rotation matrix. The rotation matrix is expressed as shown below.

Return Value

None

Remarks

s n

0.0

Rzsc

-sn

0.0

1.0

0.0

Note: "cs" and "sn" are the parameter substitution values

Refer to: Chapter 4, "Coordinate Transformation

slRotZSC "

Matrix Function

void

slScale

Current matrix scaling

Format

void slScale(sx , sy , sz)
FIXED sx ;
FIXED sy ;
FIXED sz ;

Parameters

Enlargement/reduction ratio in the direction of the X axis

Enlargement/reduction ratio in the direction of the Y axis

Enlargement/reduction ratio in the direction of the Z axis

Function

This function multiplies the enlargement/reduction ratio matrix by the current
matrix. The enlargement/reduction matrix is expressed below.

Return Value

None

Remarks

0.0

Rxyz

0.0

Note: "sx","sy", and "sz" are parameter substitution values

Refer to: Chapter 4, "Coordinate Transformation"

slScale

Matrix Function

void

slTranslate

Current matrix movement

Format

void slTranslate(tx , ty , tz)
FIXED tx ;
FIXED ty ;
FIXED tz ;

Parameters

Movement in the direction of the X axis

Movement in the direction of the Y axis

Movement in the direction of the Z axis

Function

This function multiplies the parallel movement matrix with the current matrix. The
parallel movement matrix is expressed as shown below.

Return Value

None

Remarks

1.0

0.0

Txyz

0.0

1.0

0.0

1.0

Note: "tx", "ty" and "tz" are the parameter substitution values.

Refer to: Chapter 4, "Coordinate Transformation"

slTranslate

Matrix Function

void

slTransposeMatrix

Current matrix transposition

Format

vioid slTransposeMatrix()

Parameters

None

Function

This function replaces the current matrix with a transposed matrix
(Zero movement in parallel direction)

Return Value

None

Remarks

A transposed matrix is expressed as shown below.

M00 , M01 , M02

M00 , M10 , M20

M10 , M11 , M12

_Ë

M01 , M11 , M21

M20 , M21 , M22

M02 , M12 , M22

0.0 , 0.0 , 0.0

a)Original matrix

b)Transposed matrix

Refer to:

slTransposeMatrix

Conversion to transposed matrix

Matrix Function

void

slUnitMatrix

Make specified matrix a unit matrix

Format

void ulUjnitMatrix(mtptr)
MATRIXmtptr ;

Parameters

mtptr

Starting address of MATRIX-type variable to be converted to a unit matrix

(input)

Function

This function converts the specified matrix into a unit matrix. If CURRENT is
specified for the parameter, this function changes the current matrix into a unit
matrix.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 5, "Matrices"

slUnitMatr

Mathematical Operation Function

Uint16

slAng2Dec

Convert ANGLE-type angle value into BCD-type value

Format

Uint16 slAng2Dec(ang)
ANGLE ang;

Parameters

ang

ANGLE-type angle value

Function

This function converts an ANGLE-type angle value into a BCD-type value.

Return Value

Angle data converted into a BCD-TYPE VALUE

Remarks

LISTING
402=400 _¨ 0x0090
ang=0x1000 _¨ 0x0022

Refer to: Chapter 11, "Mathematical Operation Functions

slAng2Dec

Mathematical Operation Function

void

slAng2FX

Convert ANGLE-type angle value into FIXED-type value

Format

FIXED slang2FX(ang)
angle amg;

Parameters

ang

ANGLE-type angle value

Function

This function converts an ANGLE-type angle value into a FIXED-type value.

Return values:

Return Value

Angle data converted into a FIXED-type value

Remarks

Ex.:
ang = 0X4000 _¨ 0x005A0000 (90.0)
ang = 0X1000 _¨ 0x0016800 (22.5)

Refer to: Chapter 11, "Mathematical Operation Functions"

slAng2FX

Mathematical Operation Function

Uint16

slAng2Hex

Convert ANGLE-type angle value into hexadecimal value

Format

Uint16 slAng2Hex(ang)
ANGLE ang ;

Parameters

ang

ANGLE-type angle value

Function

This function converts an ANGLE-type angle value into a hexadecimal value.

Return Value

Angle data converted into a hexadecimal value

Remarks

Ex.:
ang = 0X4000 _¨ 0x005A
ang = 0X1000 _¨0X0016

Refer to: Chapter 11, "Mathematical Operation Functions"

slAng2Hex

Mathematical Operation Function

ANGLE

slAtan

Return angle of specified direction

Format

ANGLE slAtan(tx, ty)
FIXED tx;
fixed TY;

Parameters

X component of vector in specified direction

Y component of vector in specified direction

Function

This function returns the angle of the specified direction..

Return Value

Returns the angle of the specified direction.

Remarks

The diagram below illustrates the principles behind the angle calculation in the
function "slAtan".

Refer to: Chapter 11, "Mathematical Operation Functions

slAtan

tanÆ = ty/tx ;
Æ= tan

-1

ty/tx = slAtan(tx , ty) ;

Mathematical Operation Function

void

slCalcPoint

Multiply current matrix with specified point and substitute

Format

void slCalcPoint(x,y,z,ans)
FIXED *x,y,z;;
FIXED *ans ;

Parameters

X component of transformation coordinate specification

Y component of transformation coordinate specification

Z component of transformation coordinate specification

ans[XYZ]

XYZ component substitution variable after matrix transformation

Function

This function multiplies the XYZ coordinate values specified as parameters with
the current matrix and substitutes the result into the parameter "ans[XYZ]".

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 11, "Mathematical Operation Functions

slCalcPoint

Mathematical Operation Function

100

FIXED

slCos

Returns cosine value of specified angle

Format

FIXED slCos(angc)
ANGLE ANGC;

Parameters

angc

Specified angle

Function

This function gets the cosine value for the specified angle from a Cos table.

Return Value

The function returns the cosine value for the specified angle.

Remarks

Cosine values are represented in the range 0x0000 to 0xffff. However, because
0x0008 is added to the angle data and the four low-order bits are discarded
(rounding 7 down and 8 up), with the result that the range 0x0000 to 0xfff0 is
used for the angle data, the precision of the operation results suffers slightly.

This treatment applies to all functions that use angle data.

Refer to: Chapter 11, "Mathematical Operation Functions"

slCos

Mathematical Operation Function

101

Uint32

slDec2Hex

Convert BCD code to hexadecimal code

Format

Uint32 slDec2Hex(val)
Uint32 val ;

Parameters

val

BCD code to be converted

Function

This function converts a BCD code to a hexadecimal code.

Return Value

This function returns the converted hexadecimal code.

Remarks

BCD code: notation for representing the values 0 to 9 using 4 bits.

(Ex.: The decimal value "128" is represented in BCD notation as "0x128")

Decimal BCD Hexadecimal

Notation

0x92

0x5c

Note: Example of representations of a value using each form of notation.

Refer to: Chapter 11, "Mathematical Operation Functions"

slDec2Hex

Mathematical Operation Function

102

FIXED

slDivFX

Division operation (B/A)

Format

FIXED slDivFX(a , b)
FIXED s ;
FIXED b ;

Parameters

A in "B/A": divisor

B in "B/A": dividend

Function

This function divides one fixed-point decimal by another (B/A).

Return Value

This function returns the result of "B/A".

Remarks

This function does not perform an overflow check.

Refer to: Chapter 11, "Mathematical Operation Functions"

slDivFX

Mathematical Operation Function

103

Uint32

slHex2Dec

Convert hexadecimal code to BCD code

Format

Uint32 slHex2Dec(val))
Uint32 val ;

Parameters

val

Hexadecimal code to be converted

Function

This function converts a hexadecimal code to a BCD code.

Return Value

This function returns the converted BCD code.

Remarks

BCD code: notation for representing the values 0 to 9 using 4 bits.

(Ex.: The decimal value "128" is represented in BCD notation as "0x128")

Decimal BCD Hexadecimal

Notation

0x92

0x5c

Note: Example of representations of a value using each form of notation

Refer to: Chapter 11, "Mathematical Operation Functions"

slHex2Dec

Mathematical Operation Function

104

FIXED

slInnerProduct

Inner product of vectors

Format

FIXED slInnerProduct(vctl , vct2)
VECTOR vct 1 ;
VECTOR vct2 ;

Parameters

vct1

VECTOR-type variable for which the inner product is to be taken

vct2

VECTOR-type variable for which the inner product is to be taken

Function

This function finds the inner product of the specified vectors and returns the result

Return Value

This function returns the result of the inner product operation.

Remarks

The return value is calculated as shown below.

A(X1,Y1,Z1)*B(X2,Y2,Z2) = X1*X2+Y1*Y2+Z1*Z2

= Return Value

Refer to: Chapter 11, "Mathematical Operation Functions"

slInnerProduct

_oe

Inner product of vectors

_oe

Mathematical Operation Function

105

FIXED

slMulFX

Multiplication operation (A * B)

Format

FIXED slMulFX(a , b)
FIXED a :
FIXED b ;

Parameters

A in "A * B": multiplier

B in "A * B": multiplicand

Function

This function multiplies two fixed-point decimals together

Return Value

This function returns the product of A and B.

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 11, "Multiplication Operation Functions"

slMulFX

Mathematical Operation Function

106

FIXED

slRandom

Random number generator

Format

FIXED slRandom()

Parameters

None

Function

This function generates a random FIXED-type value in a range from 0 to 1.

Return Value

A FIXED-type value ranging from 0.0 to 1.0

Remarks

Refer to:

slRandom

Mathematical Operation Function

107

FIXED

slSin

Returns sine value of specified angle

Format

FIXED slSin(angs)
ANGLE angs ;

Parameters

angs

Specified angle

Function

This function gets the sine value for the specified angle from a Sin table.

Return Value

The function returns the sine value for the specified angle.

Remarks

Sine values are represented in the range 0x0000 to 0xffff. However, because
0x0008 is added to the angle data and the four low-order bits are discarded
(rounding 7 down and 8 up), with the result that the range 0x0000 to 0xfff0 is
used for the angle data, the precision of the operation results suffers slightly.

This treatment applies to all functions that use angle data.

Refer to: Chapter 11, "Mathematical Operation Functions"

slSin

Mathematical Operation Function

108

Uint32

slSquart

Calculate square root of unsigned integer value

Format

Uint32 slSqart(sqrt))
Uint32 sqrt ;

Parameters

sqrt

Unsigned integer value

Function

This function calculates the square root of an unsigned integer value.

Return Value

This function returns the square root of an unsigned integer value.

Remarks

BCD code: notation for representing the values 0 to 9 using 4 bits.

Refer to: Chapter 11, "Mathematical Operation Functions"

slSquart

Mathematical Operation Function

109

FIXED

slSquartFX

Calculate square root of unsigned fixed-point decimal

Format

FIXED slSquartFX(sqrtx)
FIXED sqrtfx ;

Parameters

sqrtfx

Unsigned fixed-point decimal

Function

This function calculates the square root of an unsigned fixed-point decimal.

Return Value

This function returns the square root of an unsigned fixed-point decimal.

Remarks

Because the calculation is performed as for integers, the precision of the result is
8 bits for the integer portion and 8 bits for the decimal portion.

Refer to: Chapter 11, "Mathematical Operation Functions"

slSquartFX

Mathematical Operation Function

110

FIXED

slTan

Returns tangent value of specified angle

Format

FIXED slTan(angt)
ANGLE ngt ;

Parameters

angt

Specified angle

Function

This function gets the tangent value for the specified angle from a table.

Return Value

The function returns the tangent value for the specified angle

Remarks

Tangent values are represented in the range 0x0000 to 0xffff. However, because
0x0008 is added to the angle data and the four low-order bits are discarded
(rounding 7 down and 8 up), with the result that the range 0x0000 to 0xfff0 is
used for the angle data, the precision of the operation results suffers slightly.

This treatment applies to all functions that use angle data.

Refer to: Chapter 11, "Mathematical Operation Functions"

slTan

Event Management Function

111

Void

slCloseEvent

Event decision

Format

void siCloseEvent(evptr)
EVENT *evptr :

Parameters

evptr

Starting address of area where event to be deleted is stored

Function

This function removes an event registered in the execution list from the list and
releases its area. If a work area was also allocated, that area is also released.

Return Value

None

Remarks

If an event that is not registered in the event list is specified, list modification
processing will be executed on the wrong event due to the incorrect list
information, with information being written to unpredictable addresses and, in the
worst case, the CPU may stop operating.

Refer to: Chapter 10, "Event Control"

slCloseEvent

Event Management Function

112

void

slExecuteEvent

Event schedule management

Format

void slExecuteEvent()

Parameters

None

Function

This function executes the events registered in the execution list in sequence,
starting from the top of the list.
:
.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The function "slExecuteEvent" should be called once per frame

Refer to: Chapter 10, "Event Control"

slExecuteEvent

Event Management Function

113

EVENT

slGetEvent

Get area equal in size to event

Format

EVENT*slGetEvent()

Parameters

None

Function

This function gets an area that is the same size as an event (128 bytes) in the
part of RAM that has been allocated for events and returns the pointer to that
area.

Because this function only gets an area equal in size to an event from the event
area; this function does not register that area as an event.

Return Value

Pointer to the RAM area that was gotten. NULL is returned if no area was
available. (There is a maximum limit of 64 events.)

Remarks

The RAM area gotten by "slGetEvent" must be released (using the function
"slReturnEvent") when the event using the area is closed.

If the area is not released, the area will continue to exist, unused, in the event
area.

Refer to: Chapter 10, "Event Control"

slGetEvent

Event Management Function

114

WORK

slGetWork

Get new work

Format

WORK*slGetWork()

Parameters

None

Function

This function gets a RAM area allocated for use as a work area and returns the
pointer for that area.

Return Value

This function returns the starting address for the new work area.
The NULL value is returned if the area could not be gotten (due to maximum of
256
work areas).

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 10, "Event Control"

slGetWork

Event Management Function

115

void

slInitEvent

Event processing initialization

Format

void slInitEvent()

Parameters

None

Function

This function initializes the event and work management buffers. After
initialization, 64 event areas and 256 work areas are allocated within memory.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The event and work RAM itself is not initialized. Initialize the RAM in the user
program after getting these areas.

Refer to: Chapter 10, "Event Control"

slInitEvent

Event Management Function

116

void

slReturnEvent

Release area allocated by "slGetEvent"

Format

void slReturnEvent(evptr)
EVENT*evptr ;

Parameters

evptr

Starting address of area to be released

Function

This function releases an area allocated by the "slGetEvent" function and returns
it to the system.

Return Value

None

Remarks

When an area registered as an event is released by using the "slReturnEvent"
function, the area is returned to the system, but because the event list is not
altered (and the function does not check to see if the area was an event area),
problems may arise with functions executed subsequently, such as "slGetEvent",
"slSetEvent", and "slSetEventNext".
Always call the function "slCloseEvent" and release the event registration.

Refer to: Chapter 10, "Event Control"

slReturnEvent

Event Management Function

117

void

slReturnWork

Return work area to system

Format

void slReturnWork(wkptr)
WORK*wkptr ;

Parameters

wkptr

Starting address of work area to be returned to system

Function

This function returns a RAM area used as a work area to the system.

Return Value

This function returns the converted hexadecimal code.

Remarks

Although the pointer returned to the system is registered again in the system
buffer, the system does not check to see if the pointer that was returned is already
registered or not. As a result, it is essential to be aware that if the same pointer is
returned several times, problems can arise when "slGetWork" is executed later,
such as multiple events using the same work area.

Refer to: Chapter 10, "Event Control"

slReturnWork

Event Management Function

118

EVENT

slSetEvent

Event registration

Format

EVENT*slSetEvent(func)
void(*func)() ;

Parameters

func

Pointer for function being registered as an event

Function

This function gets an event area and appends the event to the end of the event
list. The "func" specified as the function to be executed by this event is
registered.

Return Value

When the event area is gotten successfully, this function returns the starting
address of the registered event area. If there are no available event areas, this
function returns the NULL code.

Remarks

Although the event area is allocated as 128 bytes, the first 16 bytes are used by
the system.

Refer to: Chapter 10, "Event Control"

slSetEvent

Event Management Function

119

EVENT

slSetEventNext

Add new event after specified event

Format

EVENT*slSetEventNext(evptr , func)
EVENT*evptr ;
void(*func)()

Parameters

evptr

Starting address of the event area immediately preceding the position

where the new event is to be inserted
func

Pointer for function to be registered as an event

Function

This function gets an event area and inserts/adds it to the event list. The new
event is registered in the event list so that it is executed next after the event
specified as a parameter.

Return Value

This function returns the starting address of the registered event area. If there are
no more event areas remaining, the event is not registered and this function
returns the NULL code.

Remarks

Although the event area is allocated as 128 bytes, the first 16 bytes are used by
the system.

Refer to: Chapter 10, "Event Control"

slSetEventNext

System Management Function

120

Uint8

slCheckReset

Get SMPC reset button status

Format

Uint8 slCheckReset()

Parameters

None

Function

This function gets the reset button status when system reset by the reset button is
disabled.

Return Value

SMPC reset button status

Remarks

The following values are returned for the return value:

SMPC_RES_OFF

Reset button off (initial value)

SMPC_RES_ON Reset button on

Once the status goes to on, it does not change until "slClearReset" is called.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slCheckReset

System Management Function

121

Uint8

slGetLanguage

Get SMPC memory language number

Format

Uint8 slGetLanguage ()

Parameters

None

Function

This function gets the language number from the SMPC memory information.

Return Value

Language number

Remarks

The SMPC memory information can also be referenced from the global variable
"Smpc_Status".

To get the newest SMPC status for the SMPC memory information, use
"slGetStatus". The following values are returned for the return value:

SMPC_ENGLISH

English

SMPC_DEUTSCH

German

SMPC_FRANCAIS

French

SMPC_ESPANOL

Spanish

SMPC_ITALIANO

Italian

SMPC_JAPAN

Japanese

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slGetLanguage

System Management Function

122

Bool

slGetPeripheral

Interrupt back (get peripheral data only)

Format

Bool slGetPeripheral ()

Parameters

None

Function

This function automatically gets the peripheral data and puts it into the global
variable "Smpc_Peripheral".

This function also automatically gets the number of connected peripherals and
puts the data into the global variables "Per_Connect1" and "Per_Connect2".

Return Value

Execution results
OK: Successful
NG: Failed

Remarks

Execution of this function fails when the semaphore cannot be gotten (because it
is locked by another process). Because this function is called by "slInitSystem"
when the library is started up, there is no particular need to call this

function

unless you are changing the settings.

The settings are reflected in the data starting from the second frame after the
settings are made.

Execution of this function fails when the peripheral port input/output setting is
incorrect.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slGetPeripheral

System Management Function

123

Uint8

slGetSoundOutput

Get SMPC memory sound output mode

Format

Uint8 slGetSoundOutput()

Parameters

None

Function

This function gets the sound output mode from the SMPC memory information.

Return Value

Sound output mode

Remarks

The SMPC memory information can also be referenced from the global variable
"Smpc_Status".

To get the newest SMPC status for the SMPC memory information, use
"slGetStatus". The following values are returned for the return value:

SMPC_SOUND_STEREO Stereo
SMPC_SOUND_MONO

Monaural

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slGetSoundOutput

System Management Function

124

Bool

slGetStatus

Interrupt back (get SMPC status and peripheral data

Format

Bool slGetStatus ()

Parameters

None

Function

This function automatically gets the latest SMPC status and puts it into the global
variable "Smpc_Status".

This function also automatically gets the peripheral data and puts it into the global
variable "Smpc_Peripheral".

This function also automatically gets the number of connected peripherals and
puts the data into the global variables "Per_Connect1" and "Per_Connect2".

Return Value

Execution results
OK: Successful
NG: Failed

Remarks

Execution of this function fails when the semaphore cannot be gotten (because it
is locked by another process). This function is called once by "slInitSystem" when
the library is started up to get the SMPC status at startup.

Afterwards, the mode is set so that "slGetPeripheral" is called so that only the
peripheral data is gotten.

The settings are reflected in the data starting from the second frame after the
settings are made.

Execution of this function fails when the peripheral port input/output setting is
incorrect.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slGetStatus

System Management Function

125

Void

slInitPeripheral

System management and peripheral control initialization

Format

void slInitPeripheral()

Parameters

None

Function

This function initializes the system management and peripheral control library.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Because this function is called by "slInitSystem" during library startup, there is no
particular need to call this function.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slInitPeripheral

System Management Function

126

Bool

slIntBackCancel

Clear flags sets for interrupt back

Format

Bool slIntBackCancel ()

Parameters

None

Function

This function clears the settings that were made by calling "slGetPeripheral" and
"slGetStatus" indicating that the SMPC status and peripheral data are to be
gotten automatically.

Return Value

Execution results
OK: Successful
NG: Failed

Remarks

Execution of this function fails when the semaphore cannot be gotten (because it
is locked by another process).

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slIntBackCancel

System Management Function

127

Bool

slResetDisable

Reset disable (no wait mode)

Format

Bool slResetDisable ()

Parameters

None

Function

This function disables system reset by pressing the reset button.

Return Value

Execution results
OK: Successful
NG: Failed

Remarks

Execution of this function fails when the semaphore cannot be gotten (because it
is locked by another process).

This function does not wait for the termination of SMPC command execution.

If an interrupt back has been issued, this function is queued in the command
cache.

Execution of this function fails if a command cache overflow occurs.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slResetDisable

System Management Function

128

Bool

slResetDisableWait

Reset disable (wait mode)

Format

Bool slResetDisableWait ()

Parameters

None

Function

This function disables system reset by pressing the reset button.

Return Value

Execution results
OK: Successful
NG: Failed

Remarks

Execution of this function fails when the semaphore cannot be gotten (because it
is locked by another process). This function waits for the termination of SMPC
command execution.

If an interrupt back has been issued, execution of this function fails.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slResetDisableWait

System Management Function

129

Bool

slResetEnable

Reset enable (no wait mode)

Format

Bool slResetEnable ()

Parameters

None

Function

This function enables system reset by pressing the reset button.

Return Value

Execution results
OK: Successful
NG: Failed

Remarks

Execution of this function fails when the semaphore cannot be gotten (because it
is locked by another process). This function does not wait for the termination of
SMPC command execution.

If an interrupt back has been issued, this function is queued in the command
cache.

Execution of this function fails if a command cache overflow occurs.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slResetEnable

System Management Function

130

Bool

slResetEnableWait

Reset enable (wait mode)

Format

Bool slResetEnableWait ()

Parameters

None

Function

This function enables system reset by pressing the reset button.

Return Value

Execution results
OK: Successful
NG: Failed

Remarks

Execution of this function fails when the semaphore cannot be gotten (because it
is locked by another process). This function waits for the termination of SMPC
command execution.

If an interrupt back has been issued, execution of this function fails.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slResetEnableWait

System Management Function

131

Void

slSetLanguage

Set SMPC memory language number

Format

void slSetLanguage(lang)
Uint8 lang ;

Parameters

Language number

Function

This function sets the language number in the SMPC memory information.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The SMPC memory information can also be referenced from the global variable
"Smpc_Status".

To store the SMPC memory information in the SMPC memory, use
"slSetSmpcMemory".

The following values can be used for the parameters:

SMPC_ENGLISH

English

SMPC_DEUTSCH

German

SMPC_FRANCAIS

French

SMPC_ESPANOL

Spanish

SMPC_ITALIANO

Italian

SMPC_JAPAN

Japanese

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slSetLanguage

System Management Function

132

Bool

slSetSmpcMemory

SMPC memory setting (no wait mode)

Format

Bool slSetSmpcMemory()

Parameters

None

Function

This function sets the SMPC memory.

Return Value

Execution results
OK: Successful
NG: Failed

Remarks

Execution of this function fails when the semaphore cannot be gotten (because it
is locked by another process).

This function does not wait for the termination of SMPC command execution.

If an interrupt back has been issued, this function is queued in the command
cache.

Execution of this function fails if a command cache overflow occurs.

This function sets the contents of the global variable "Smpc_Status" in the SMPC
memory.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slSetSmpcMemory

System Management Function

133

Bool

slSetSmpcMemoryWait

SMPC memory setting (wait mode)

Format

Bool slSetSmpcMemoryWait()

Parameters

None

Function

This function sets the SMPC memory.

Return Value

Execution results
OK: Successful
NG: Failed

Remarks

Execution of this function fails when the semaphore cannot be gotten (because it
is locked by another process).

This function waits for the termination of SMPC command execution.

If an interrupt back has been issued, execution of this function fails.

This function sets the contents of the global variable "Smpc_Status" in the SMPC
memory.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slSetSmpcMemoryWait

Void

System Management Function

134

slSetSoundOutput

Set SMPC memory sound output mode

Format

void slSetSoundOutput(mode)
Uint8 mode ;

Parameters

mode

Sound output mode

Function

This function sets the sound output mode in the SMPC memory information.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The SMPC memory information can also be referenced from the global variable
"Smpc_Status".

To store the SMPC memory information in the SMPC memory, use
"slSetSmpcMemory".

The following values can be used for the parameters:

SMPC_SOUND_STEREO Stereo
SMPC_SOUND_MONO

Monaural

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slSetSoundOutput

Bool

System Management Function

135

slSlaveOff

Slave SH2 off (no wait mode)

Format

Bool slSlaveoff ()

Parameters

None

Function

This function turns the slave SH2 off.

Return Value

Execution results
OK: Successful
NG: Failed

Remarks

Execution of this function fails when the semaphore cannot be gotten (because it
is locked by another process).

This function does not wait for the termination of SMPC command execution.

If an interrupt back has been issued, this function is queued in the command
cache.

Execution of this function fails if a command cache overflow occurs.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slSlaveOff

Bool

System Management Function

136

slSlaveOffWait

Slave SH2 off (wait mode)

Format

Bool slSlaveoffWait ()

Parameters

None

Function

This function turns the slave SH2 off.

Return Value

Execution results
OK: Successful
NG: Failed

Remarks

Execution of this function fails when the semaphore cannot be gotten (because it
is locked by another process).

This function waits for the termination of SMPC command execution.

If an interrupt back has been issued, execution of this function fails.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slSlaveOffWait

Bool

System Management Function

137

slSlaveOn

Slave SH2 on (no wait mode)

Format

Bool slSlaveon ()

Parameters

None

Function

This function turns the slave SH2 on.

Return Value

Execution results
OK: Successful
NG: Failed

Remarks

Execution of this function fails when the semaphore cannot be gotten (because it
is locked by another process).

This function does not wait for the termination of SMPC command execution.

If an interrupt back has been issued, this function is queued in the command
cache.

Execution of this function fails if a command cache overflow occurs.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slSlaveOn

Bool

System Management Function

138

slSlaveOnWait

Slave SH2 on (wait mode)

Format

Bool slSlaveonWait ()

Parameters

None

Function

This function turns the slave SH2 on.

Return Value

Execution results
OK: Successful
NG: Failed

Remarks

Execution of this function fails when the semaphore cannot be gotten (because it
is locked by another process).

This function waits for the termination of SMPC command execution.

If an interrupt back has been issued, execution of this function fails.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slSlaveOnWait

Peripheral Control Function

139

Uint8

slGetOptimize

Get peripheral acquisition time optimization mode

Format

Uint8 slGetOptimize ()

Parameters

None

Function

This function gets the peripheral acquisition time optimization mode.

Return Value

Peripheral acquisition time optimization mode

Remarks

The following values are returned for the return value.

SMPC_OPT_ENA

Acquisition time optimization enable (initial value)

SMPC_OPT_DIS

Acquisition time optimization disable

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slGetOptimize

Peripheral Control Function

140

Uint8

slGetPortMode1,2

Get port mode for peripheral port 1, 2

Format

Uint8 slGetPortMode1 ()
Uint8 slGetPortMode2 ()

Parameters

None

Function

These functions get the port mode of peripheral ports 1 and 2.

Return Value

Port mode of the peripheral port

Remarks

The following values are returned for the return value.

SMPC_PORT_15

15-byte mode (initial value)

SMPC_PORT_255

255-byte mode

SMPC_PORT_ZERO

0-byte mode

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slGetPortMode1,2

Peripheral Control Function

141

Bool

slSetOptimize

Set peripheral acquisition time optimization mode

Format

Bool slSetOptimize(mode)
Uint8 mode ;

Parameters

mode

Peripheral acquisition time optimization mode

Function

This function sets the peripheral acquisition time optimization mode.

Return Value

Execution results

OK: Success
NG: Failure

Remarks

Execution of this function fails when the semaphore cannot be gotten (because
it is locked by another process).

The following values can be used for the parameter.

SMPC_OPT_ENA

Acquisition time optimization enable (initial value)

SMPC_OPT_DIS

Acquisition time optimization disable

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slSetOptimize

Peripheral Control Function

142

Bool

slSetPortMode1,2

Set port mode for peripheral port 1, 2

Format

Bool slSetPortMode1(mode)
Bool slSetPortMode2(mode)
Uint8 mode ;

Parameters

mode

Port mode of peripheral port

Function

These functions set the port mode of peripheral ports 1 and 2.

Return Value

Execution results

OK: Success
NG: Failure

Remarks

Execution of this function fails when the semaphore cannot be gotten (because
it is locked by another process).

The following values can be used for the parameter.

SMPC_PORT_15

15-byte mode (initial value)

SMPC_PORT_255

255-byte mode

SMPC_PORT_ZERO

0-byte mode

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

slSetPortMode1,2

Sound Function

143

Bool

slBGMCont

Restart temporarily paused BGM playback

Format

Bool slBGMCont ()

Parameters

None

Function

This function restarts playback of temporarily paused BGM.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slBGMCont

Sound Function

144

Bool

slBGMFade

Change BGM playback volume

Format

Bool slBGMFade(Volume,Rate)
Uint8 Volume ;
Uint8 Rate ;

Parameters

Volume Volume value
Rate

Rate value

Function

This function gradually changes the BGM playback volume.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Specify a value from 0 to 127 for the parameter "Volume" and a value from 0 to
255 for the parameter "Rate".

"Rate" specifies the interval for changing from the present volume to the specified
volume.

When "Rate" is specified as "0", the volume changes immediately to the value
specified by "Volume".

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slBGMFade

Sound Function

145

Bool

slBGMOff

Stop BGM playback

Format

Bool slBGMOff ()

Parameters

None

Function

This function stops BGM playback.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slBGMOff

Sound Function

146

Bool

slBGMOn

Start BGM playback

Format

Bool slBGMOn(Song, Prio, Volume, Rate)
Uint 16 Song ;
Uint 8 Prio ;
Uint 8 Volume ;
Uint 8 Rate

Parameters

Song

Sound control number

Prio

Priority value

Volume Volume value
Rate

Rate value

Function

This function starts BGM playback.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

BGM always uses sound control number 0.

Specify the parameter "Prio" with a value from 0 to 31. The larger the value, the
higher the priority.

Specify a value from 0 to 127 for the parameter "Volume" and a value from 0 to
255 for the parameter "Rate".

"Rate" specifies the interval for changing from volume value 0 to the specified
volume.

When "Rate" is specified as "0", the volume changes immediately to the value
specified by "Volume".

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slBGMOn

Sound Function

147

Bool

slBGMPause

Pause BGM playback

Format

Bool slBGMPause()

Parameters

None

Function

This function pauses BGM playback.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slBGMPause

Sound Function

148

Bool

slBGMStat

BGM playback check

Format

Bool slBGMStat()

Parameters

None

Function

This function checks to determine whether or not BGM is being played back.

Return Value

This function returns "1" when playback is in progress (even if paused) and "0" if
playback is stopped.

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slBGMStat

Sound Function

149

Bool

slBGMTempo

Change BGM playback speed

Format

Bool slBGMTempo(Tempo)
Sint16 Tempo ;

Parameters

Tempo Tempo value

Function

This function changes the BGM playback speed.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Specify a value ranging from -32768 to 32767 for the parameter "Tempo".
"Tempo" is the tempo value relative to the standard tempo 0; at 4096 (1000h) the
tempo is doubled, and at -4096 the tempo is halved.

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slBGMTempo

Sound Function

150

Bool

slCDDAOff

Stop CD-D/A output

Format

Bool slCDDAOff ()

Parameters

None

Function

This function stops CD-D/A output.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Refer to:

slCDDAOff

Sound Function

151

Bool

slCDDAOn

Start CD-D/A output

Format

Bool slCDDAOn(LLevel, RLevel, LPan, RPan)
Uint8 LLevel ;
Uint8 RLevel ;
Sint8 LPan ;
Sint8 RPan ;

Parameters

LLevel Volume value (left)
RLevel Volume value (right)
LPan

Pan value (left)

RPan

Pan value (right)

Function

This function starts CD-D/A output.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Specify a value in the range from 0 to 127 for the parameters "LLevel" and
"RLevel". (The four low-order bits are ignored, however.)

Specify a value in the range from -127 to 127 for the parameters "LPan" and
"RPan". (-127 (left) <-> 0 (center) <-> 127 (right))

Note that the SCSP pans in 32 steps, so the three low-order "Pan" bits are
ignored.

Refer to:

slCDDAOn

Sound Function

152

Bool

slDSPOff

Stop DSP playback

Format

Bool slDSPOff()

Parameters

None

Function

This function stops DSP playback.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slDSPOff

Sound Function

153

void

slInitSound

Set sound driver and initialize sound control CPU

Format

void slInitSound(Dry, Drvsz, Map, Mapsz)
Uint8 *Dry ;
Uint32 Drvsz ;
Uint8 *Map ;
Uint32 Mapsz ;

Parameters

Drv

Driver file address

Drvsz

Driver file size

Map

Map file address

Mapsz Map file size

Function

This function sets the sound driver and initializes the sound control CPU
(MC68000).

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slInitSound

Sound Function

154

Bool

slPCMOff

Stop playback from PCM sound source

Format

Bool slPCMOff (Pdat)
PCM "Pdat ;

Parameters

Pdat

PCM-type structure data

Function

This function stops PCM playback on the specified channel.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

For details on PCM-type structures, refer to the "Structure Reference.

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slPCMOff

Sound Function

155

Sint8

slPCMOn

Start playback from PCM sound source

Format

Sint8 slPCMOn (Pdat, Data, Size)
PCM "Pdat ;
void *Data ;
Uint32 Size ;

Parameters

Pdat

PCM-type structure data

Data

PCM data table address

Size

PCM data table size

Function

This function plays back music (sound effects) from a PCM source.

Return Value

This function returns a value ranging from 0 to 7 after normal termination, "-1" if
the command buffer lacks sufficient space, "-2" if there is no PCM channel
available, and "-3" if the PCM buffer lacks sufficient space.

Remarks

For details on PCM-type structures, refer to the "Structure Reference." PCM
playback initiated by this function terminates when the data ends.

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slPCMOn

Sound Function

156

Bool

slPCMParmChange

Change PCM playback parameters

Format

Bool slPCMParmChange(Pdat)
PCM *Pdat ;

Parameters

Pdat

PCM-type structure data

Function

This function changes the value of each parameter for PCM playback.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

For details on PCM-type structures, refer to the "Structure Reference."

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slPCMParmChange

Sound Function

157

Bool

slPCMStat

Check playback on specified PCM channel

Format

Bool slPCMStat(Pdat)
PCM *Pdat ;

Parameters

Pdat

PCM-type structure data

Function

This function checks to determine whether or not PCM playback is in progress on
the specified channel.

Return Value

This function returns "1" if playback is in progress, and "0" if it is not.

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slPCMStat

Sound Function

158

Bool

slSequenceCont

Restart generation of paused sound effect

Format

Bool slSequenceCont(Seqnm)
Uint8 Seqnm ;

Parameters

Seqnm Sequence control number

Function

This function resumes generation of a paused sound effect.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Specify a value ranging from 1 to 7 for the parameter "Seqnm".

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slSequenceCont

Sound Function

159

Bool

slSequenceFade

Change volume of specified sound effect

Format

Bool slSequenceFade(Seqnm, Volume, Rate)
Uint8 Seqnm ;
Uint8 Volum
Uint8 Rate

Parameters

Seqnm Sequence control number
Volum Volume value
Rate

Rate value

Function

This function gradually changes the volume of the specified sound effect.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Specify a value ranging from 1 to 7 for the parameter "Seqnm".

Specify a value from 0 to 127 for the parameter "Volume" and a value from 0 to
255 for the parameter "Rate".

"Rate" specifies the interval for changing from the present volume to the specified
volume.

When "Rate" is specified as "0", the volume changes immediately to the value
specified by "Volume".

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slSequenceFade

Sound Function

160

Bool

slSequenceOff

Stop generation of specified sound effect

Format

Bool slSequenceOff(Seqnm)
Uint8 Seqnm ;

Parameters

Seqnm Sequence control number

Function

This function stops generation of the specified sound effect.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Specify a value ranging from 1 to 7 for the parameter "Seqnm".

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slSequenceOff

Sound Function

161

Uint8

slSequenceOn

Start generation of specified sound effect

Format

Uint8 SequenceOn(Song, Prio, Volume, Pan)
Uint16 Song ;
Uint8 Prio ;
Uint8 Volume ;
Sint8 Pan ;

Parameters

Song

Sound control number

Prio

Priority value

Volume Volume value
Pan

Pan value

Function

This function starts generation of the specified sound effect.

Return Value

When this function terminates normally, it returns the sequence control number.

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Specify a value from 0 to 31 for the parameter "Prio". The larger the value, the
higher the priority.

Specify a value from 0 to 127 for the parameter "Volume".

Specify a value in the range from -127 to 127 for the parameter "Pan". (-127 (left)
<-> 0 (center) <-> 127 (right))

Note that the SCSP pans in 32 steps, so the three low-order "Pan" bits are
ignored.

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slSequenceOn

Sound Function

162

Uint8

slSequencePan

Change direction of generation of specified sound effect

Format

Uint8 SequencePan(SEqnm, Pan)
Uint8 Seqnm ;
Sint8 Pan ;

Parameters

Seqnm Sequence control number
Pan

Pan value

Function

This function changes the direction of generation of the specified sound effect.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Specify a value ranging from 1 to 7 for the parameter "Seqnm".

Specify a value in the range from -127 to 127 for the parameter "Pan". (-127 (left)
<-> 0 (center) <-> 127 (right))

Note that the SCSP pans in 32 steps, so the three low-order "Pan" bits are
ignored.

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slSequencePan

Sound Function

163

Bool

slSequenceReset

Initialize parameters for specified sound effect

Format

Bool slSequenceReset(Seqnm)
Uint8 Seqnm ;

Parameters

Seqnm Sequence control number

Function

This function initializes the volume, tempo, and pan settings for the specified
sound effect.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Specify a value ranging from 1 to 7 for the parameter "Seqnm".

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slSequenceReset

Sound Function

164

Bool

slSequenceStat

Check playback of specified sound effect

Format

Bool slSequenceStat(Seqnm)
Uint8 Seqnm ;

Parameters

Seqnm Sequence control number

Function

This function checks to determine whether or not the specified sound effect is
being played back.

Return Value

This function returns "1" if the sound effect is being played back (even if paused),
and "0" if the sound effect is stopped.

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slSequenceStat

Sound Function

165

Bool

slSequenceTempo

Change speed of specified sound effect

Format

Bool slSequenceTempo(Seqnm, Tempo)
Uint8 Seqnm ;
Sint16 Tempo ;

Parameters

Seqnm Sequence control number
Tempo Tempo value

Function

This function changes the speed of the specified sound effect.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Specify a value ranging from 1 to 7 for the parameter "Seqnm".

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slSequenceTempo

Sound Function

166

Bool

slSndEffect

Switch sound effect by DSP

Format

Bool slSndEffect(Effect)
Uint8 Effect ;

Parameters

Effect

Effect bank number

Function

This function switches the sound effect generated by the DSP.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Specify a value ranging from 1 to 15 for the parameter "Effect".

Refer to:

slSndEffect

Sound Function

167

Bool

slSndMapChange

Change current sound map

Format

void *slSndMapChange(Map)
Uint8 Map :

Parameters

Map

Map number

Function

This function changes the current sound map.

Return Value

When this function terminates normally, it returns the address of the command
buffer where the parameters were set.
If there was no space available in the command buffer, the function returns
"FALSE".

Remarks

After sending the sound data, set the "work area transfer completed" bit.

Refer to:

slSndMapChange

Sound Function

168

Bool

slSndMixChange

Switch mixer corresponding to tone bank

Format

Bool slSndMixChange(Tbank, Mixno)
Uint8 Tbank ;
Uint8 Mixno ;

Parameters

Tbank Tone bank number
Mixno

Mixer number

Function

This function switches the mixer corresponding to the tone bank

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Specify a value ranging from 0 to 15 for the parameter "Tbank".

Specify a value ranging from 0 to 127 for the parameter "Mixno".

Refer to:

slSndMixChange

Sound Function

169

Bool

slSndMixParmChange

Change mixer parameters

Format

Bool slSndMixParmChange(Effect, Level, Pan)
Uint8 Effect ;
Uint8 Level ;
Sint8 Pan

Parameters

Effect

DSP effect output channel

Level

Effect return level

Pan

Effect pan

Function

This function changes the mixer parameters.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Specify a value ranging from 0 to 7 for the parameter "Effect".

Specify a value ranging from 0 to 127 for the parameter "Level". (Ignore the four
low-order bits.)

Specify a value ranging from -127 to 127 for the parameter "Pan". (Ignore the
three low-order bits.)

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slSndMixParmChange

Sound Function

170

Sint8

slSndPCMNum

Return available PCM channel number

Format

Sint8 slSndPCMnUM(Mode)

Parameters

PCM playback mode

Function

This function returns the number of an available PCM channel.

Return Value

If this function terminates normally, it returns a value from 0 to 7. If there are no
available PCM channels, the function returns the value "-1".

Remarks

Specify the logical sum of "_Stereo" or "_Mono" and "_16Bit" or "_8Bit" for the
parameter "Mode".

Although PCM permits playback of up to eight "voices," stereo playback requires
two voices, so that even if only four are being played, in actuality eight voices may
be in use.

Refer to

slSndPCMNum

Sound Function

171

Uint8

slSndSeqNum

Return available sequence control number

Format

Uint8 slSndSeqNum()

Parameters

None

Function

This function returns an available sequence control number.

Return Value

If this function terminates normally, it returns a value from 1 to 7. If there are no
available sequence control numbers, the function returns the value "0".

Remarks

Refer to

slSndSeqNum

Sound Function

172

Bool

slSndVolume

Set the main volume

Format

Bool slSndVolume(Volume)
Uint8 Volume

Parameters

Volume Volume value

Function

This function sets the main volume.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Specify a value ranging from 0 to 127 for the parameter "Volume". (The three low-
order bits are ignored, however.)

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slSndVolume

Sound Function

173

Bool

slSoundAllOff

Stop playback of all sound sequences

Format

Bool slSoundAllOff()

Parameters

None

Function

This function stops playback of all sound sequences.

Return Value

If the command buffer is full, this function returns the "FALSE" value.

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slSoundAllOff

Sound Function

174

Sint8

slSoundRequest

Set data to be passed directly to sound driver

Format

Sint8 slSoundRequest(form, ...)
const char *form ;

Parameters

"form" indicates the size of the data that follows, in the form of character string
data. However, the initial data is regarded as the function code, and is not
included in the data string.

Function

This function sets the data to be passed directly to the sound driver.

Return Value

This function returns a "-2" if there was an invalid character in the form character
string, and a "-1" if an attempt was made to set word data starting from an odd
address.

If the function terminates normally, it returns a "0".

Remarks

Example of usage:

slSoundRequest ("bbwwwbb", SND_PCM_START,
_Stereo@SYMBOL@PCM16Bit, Level7<<5,StreamBuf>>4,StreamSize,Pitch,0,0);

In this case, SND_PCM_START is the function code, and is not included in the
character string.

_Stereo@SYMBOL@PCM16Bit and Level7<<5 are each passed to the sound
driver as byte data, while StreamBuf>>4, StreamSize, and Pitch are each passed
as word data.

Supplement: Refer to the "'slSoundRequest' Instruction List" on the following
page.

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slSoundRequest

Sound Function

175

Function Reference Supplement

Command Name

Command

Data

Parameter Data

Reserved

00 (hex)

Nothing

Sequence Start

(S--)

0-7:

Sequence control number

0-15:

Sequence bank number

0-127:

Sequence song number

0-31: Priority

level

Sequence Stop

(S--)

0-7:

Sequence control number

Sequence Pause

(S--)

0-7:

Sequence control number

Sequence Continue

(S--)

0-7:

Sequence control number

Sequence Volume

(S--)

0-7:

Sequence control number

0-127:

Sequence Volume

0-255: Fade

Rate

For details, refer to the

supplement on the fade-in and

fade-out methods.

Tempo Change

(S--)

0-7:

Sequence control number

* :

dummy

P3-P4

+32767 -> -32768: Relative tempo value compared to

reference tempo (0000h); 1000h (4296) is double speed,

and -4296 is half speed.

Map Change

(SP-)

0-255:

Area number of sound area map being switched

MIDI direct control

(S--)

P1 00h-FFh:

MIDI command word

00h-FFh:

MIDI channel word

00h-7Fh:

MIDI data 1

00H-7Fh:

MIDI data 2

For details, refer to the

supplement on the MIDI direct

control bit image.

Volume analize start

(--C)

Nothing (start volume analysis)

Volume analize stop

(--C )

Nothing (stop volume analysis)

DSP stop

( S P C )

Nothing (stop DSP)

Sound all Off

(S P C)

Nothing (stop all sequence slots)

Sequence Pan

(S--)

0-7:

Sequence control number

bit7

0:Control OFF 1 : Control ON

BIT6-0

MIDI PAN data(00h-7Fh)

00h:Left<--->4Oh:Center<-->7Fh:Right

(MIDI PAN consists of 128 steps, but because the SCSP

PAN consists of 32 steps, the two low-order bits of MIDI

PAN data are ignored.)

CD-DA Level

(--C)

00h-EOh:CD-DA level Left

8 steps: 00h (off), 20h, 40h,, 60h, 80h, A0h, C0h, and E0h (max.)

00H-EOh:CD-DA level Right

8 steps: 00h (off), 20h, 40h,, 60h, 80h, A0h, C0h, and E0h (max.)

Continued on next page

Table 1. "slSoundRequest" Instruction List

Table 1. "slSoundRequest" Instruction List (continued)

Sound Function

176

Continued from previous page

Command Name

Command

Data

Parameter Data

CD-DA Pan

(--C)

0-31:

CD-DA pan left, 32 steps

0-31:

CD-DA pan right, 32 steps

Total Volume

(S P C)

0-15:

16 steps, 0 is off

Effect Change

(S P C)

0-15:

Effect bank number

PCM start

(-P-)

bit7

mono 1: stereo

bit6-5

not use

bit4

16bitPCM 1:8bitPCM

bit3-0

0-7:

PCM stream playback number

bit7-5

0-7:

Direct sound Level, 8 steps

bit4-0

0-31:

Direct sound Pan, 32 steps (ignored for Stereo)

P3-P4

0000h-FFFFh:

PCM stream buffer start address (16 high-order

bits of 20-bit data)

P5-P6

0000h-FFFFh;

PCM stream buffer size (number of samples for

one channel)

P7-P8

0000h-FFFFh;

Pitch word (SCSP pitch register data: Oct and

FNS)

bit7-3

0-15:

Effect in select (P9=Rch or MONO)

bit2-0

0-7:

Effect send Level, 8 steps

P10

bit7-3

0-15;

Effect in select (P10=Lch)

bit2-0

0-7:

Effect send Level, 8 steps

PCM stop

(-P-)

0-7:

PCM stream playback number for which playback is stopped

Mixer change

(SPC)

0-15:

Tone bank number

0-127:

Mixer number

Mixer parameter change

(SPC)

0-17

Effect out select

bit7-5

0-7:

Effect return Level, 8 steps

bit4-0

0-31:

Effect Pan, 32 steps

Hard check

(---)

0-5:Check item

0 - DRAM 4Mbit read/write

1 - DRAM 8Mbit read/write

2 - SCSP MIDI

3 - sound source output (L/R)

4 - sound source output (L)

5 - sound source output (R)

PCM parameter change

(-P-)

0-7:

PCM stream playback number

bit7-5

0-7:

Direct sound Level, 8 steps

bit4-0

0-31:

Direct sound Pan, 32 steps

P3-04

0000h-FFFFh:

pitch word

bit7-3

0-15:

Effect in select (P5=Rch or MONO)

bit2-0

0-7:

Effect send Level, 8 steps

bit7-3

0-15:

Effect in select

(P6=Lch)

bit2-0

0-7:

Effect send Level, 8 steps

Reserved

8B-FF

Nothing

(SPC)

Command that acts on Sequence playback, or that concerns Sequence playback

Command that acts on PCM stream playback, or that concerns PCM stream playback

Command that acts on CD-DA playback, or that concerns CD-DA playback

Sound Function

177

MIDI direct control bit image

Fade in method

Issue the sequence volume command before issuing the start command. The sound fades in from Volume = 0 to
the specified sequence volume at the specified fade rate. The fade-in curve can be controlled as desired by
using the sequence volume command twice or more.

Fade out method

Issue the sequence volume command with Volume = 0. The sound fades out from the current sequence volume
to Volume = 0 at the specified fade rate. The fade-out curve can be controlled as desired by using the sequence
volume command twice or more.

Note 1:

Because commands such as "MIDI direct control" are closely affected by the relationship between the MIDI
channel and tone and the usage of the DSP program and mixer, work in close cooperation with the sound
developer.

Note 2:

Because a specialized DSP program is required in order to analyze each frequency band with the Volume
Analyze function, use the Effect Change command to download the DSP program before issuing the Volume
Analyze command. The DSP program is not needed in the case of the main volume. In addition, because the
data is updated at 16msec intervals when executing Volume Analyze, the volume data should be read at 16msec
intervals or more.

Note 3:

When "stereo" is specified at PCM start, the first half of the data in the area specified by P3-P4 is processed as
the right channel data, and the second half is processed as the left channel data. The PCM stream buffer must
be set so that it starts from an even address and is an even number of bytes in size. The PCM stream buffer start
address is specified by the high-order 16 bits of 20-bit data, so the four low-order bits are always "0". The P7-P8
pitch word specifies the SCSP pitch register word octave + F number as is. For details on pitch, refer to the SCSP
manual.

Note 4:

Because the sound CPU does not operate while the PCM stream playback data is being transferred (from the
host to sound memory), operation is not guaranteed if music or sound effects are played simultaneously while
data is transferred continuously for an extended period of time. Either use DMA burst writes, or conduct the DMA
transfer in intervals.

Note 5:

Because the PCM stream playback rate can place a high demand on data transfer capabilities, in some cases not
all eight "voices" will be played back. guidelines are indicated for your reference in the item entitled "Demands of
data transfer."

Priority level

: 0 - 31

Sound priority ranking at sequence

start
CMD

: 0 - 7

MIDI command 8 - F (8 - F -> 0 - 7)

KNo

: 0 - 7

Sound control number

MIDI Ch

: 0 - 31

MIDI channel

MIDI Data #1

: 0 - 127

MIDI data byte #1

MIDI Data #2

: 0 - 127

MIDI data byte #2

Priority level

CMD

KNo

MIDI Ch

MIDI Data #1

MIDI Data #2

Sound Function

178

void

slWaitSound

Wait for function execution by sound driver

Format

void slWaitSound(Addr)
void *Addr

Parameters

Addr

Byte-type address

Function

This function waits until the data in the specified address is "0". This function
indicates that the sound driver executed a function.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Example of usage:

slWaitSound(slSndMapChange(0)); /* Wait for current map to be switched */

Refer to: Chapter 14, "Sound Library"

slWaitSound

Miscellaneous Function

179

FIXED

slCheckOnScreen

Determine whether specified coordinates are within viewing area

Format

FIXED slCheckOnScreen(pos , size)
FIXED *pos ;
FIXED size ;

Parameters

pos[XYZ]

XYZ coordinate values of object position

size

Object size

Function

This function converts the specified object position through the current matrix,
tests whether or not an object of the specified size at that position would be
displayed on the screen or not, and returns the result.

Return Value

When extending beyond the display area in the Z direction: -1 (FFFFFFFF)

When extending beyond the display area to the left, right, top, or bottom: -2
(FFFFFFFE)

When contained within the screen: Z_position

Remarks

The following diagrams illustrate the relationship between the display area and the
return value.

Refer to:

slCheckOnScreen

Direction of line of sight

Rear boundary surface

Display area

R-Z_pos

R= -2

R= -1

Front boundary surface

Zlimit

Display area

Projection surface

Note: "R="indicates the return value generated
by the function "slCheckOnScreen".

Viewpoint

Miscellaneous Function

180

void

slDMACopy

Block transfer using CPU DMA

Format

void slDMACopy(src , dst , cnt)
void*src ;
void*dst ;
Uint32 cnt ;

Parameters

src

Starting address of source memory area

dst

Starting address of destination memory area

cnt

Block transfer amount (bytes)

Function

This function performs a block transfer using the CPU's DMA function. For the
"cnt" parameter, specify how many bytes are to be transferred.
When a transfer is made to a cache area, this function initializes the cache.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The function "slDMACopy" terminates soon after DMA is initiated. To wait until the
transfer is completed, use the function "slDMAWait". If another DMA transfer has
already been initiated, the function "slDMACopy" waits until the other transfer
terminates before initiating a new DMA transfer.

Refer to: Chapter 9, "Controller Input"

slDMACopy

Miscellaneous Function

181

void

slDMAWait

Wait until termination of DMA transfer

Format

void slDMAWait(void)

Parameters

None

Function

This function waits until a DMA transfer initiated by the function "slDMACopy"
terminates.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The function "slDMACopy" always uses the same channel, and if a transfer is in
progress, the function waits until the first transfer terminates before initiating the
new one. As a result, the user can execute consecutive DMA transfers without
needing to be conscious of the completion of the transfers. An example is shown
below.

siDMACopy(src0 , dst0 , cnt0);

/* first transfer request */

siDMACopy(src1 , dst1 , cnt1);

/* second transfer request (execute after termination of first transfer

* /

siDMACopy(src2 , dst2 , cnt2);

/* third transfer request (execute after termination of second transfer

* /

siDMAwait(void) ;

/* wait for termination of third transfer */

Refer to: Chapter 9, "Controller Input"

slDMAWait

_oe

Consecutive execution of DMA transfers

_oe

Miscellaneous Function

182

void

slInitSynch

Wait for V-BLANK and synchronize event processing with screen

Format

void slInitSynch()

Parameters

None

Function

This function waits for V-BLANK and synchronizes event processing with the
screen.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Also refer to the function "slSynch".

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 2 (VDP2"

slInitSynch

Miscellaneous Function

183

void

slInitSystem

SGL system initialization

Format

void slInitSystem(tv_mode , texadr , cnt)
Uint16tv_mode ;
TEXTURE*texadr ;
Uint16 cnt ;

Parameters

tv_mode

Screen mode specification

texadr Starting address of memory area where texture data is stored
cnt

Graphics processing unit specification

Function

This function initializes the SGL system.

For the parameters, respectively, substitute the #define value indicating the
screen mode, the starting address of the memory area where the texture
information table was stored, and the number of V-blanks indicating the graphics
processing unit.

1 V-BLANK is 1/60 of a second if non-interlaced and 1/30 of a second if double-
interlaced; the graphics processing unit is a multiple of this value.

For the screen mode specification, substitute the values shown below.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Initialization includes slave CPU initialization, matrix buffer initialization, scroll data
initialization, etc.

For details on the values initialized by the function "slInitSystem", refer to the list of
default values set by "slInitSystem" at the end of the function reference.

Resolution

320(H)

352(H)

640(H)

704(H)

224(V)

TV_320x224

TV_352x224

TV_640x224

TV_704x224

240(V)

TV_320x240

TV_352x240

TV_640x240

TV_704x240

448(V)

TV_320x448

TV_352x448

TV_640x448

TV_704x448

480(V)

TV_320x480

TV_352x480

TV_640x480

TV_704x480

Note: The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls""

slInitSystem

¥As shown in the examples in the table at left, the
screen mode specification is defined as a macro in the
form TV_horizontal x vertical (pixels), according to the
resolution of the screen mode.

Miscellaneous Function

184

void

slIntFunction

Format

void slIntFunction(func)
void(*func)() ;

Parameters

func

Starting address of function to be registered

Function

This function registers a function to be executed during blanking.

Return Value

None

Remarks

The only functions that can be registered are void-type with no parameters.

void<function name>(void);

Refer to:

slIntFunction

Miscellaneous Function

185

void

slSynch

Synchronization with event processing unit time

Format

void slSynch()

Parameters

None

Function

This function waits until the event processing unit time is reached.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Screen switching (display), etc., is performed in the graphics processing units
specified by the function "slInitSystem".

The graphics processing unit is displayed in terms of the number of V-blanks. 1
blank is 1/60 of a second if non-interlaced and 1/30 of a second if double-
interlaced. Refer to the function "slInitSystem" for further details.

Refer to: Chapter 8, "Scrolls"

slSynch

V-BLANK

time

Data transfer

Event processing

slSynch

Event processing unit time

Miscellaneous Function

186

Bool

slTransferEntry

Data transfer request during blanking

Format

void slTranferEntry(str , dst , size)
void*str ;
void*dst ;
Uint16 size ;

Parameters

str

Starting address of transfer source

dst

Starting address of transfer destination

size

Data transfer amount (bytes)

Function

This function transfers data during V_BLANK. For the parameter "size", specify
how many bytes of data are to be transferred.

Return Value

None

Remarks

In order to do a data transfer using the indirect mode of the DMA in the SCU, the
data transfer cannot be made over the same bus.

For details, refer to the chapter on the SCU in the HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1.

The diagram below is a conceptual model of the bus.

Refer to:

slTransferEntry

void

CPU Bus

A-Bus

B-Bus

CPU

WorkRAM
Low

WorkRAM
High

CD
Buffer

SCU

VDP1

VDP2

SCSP

Data transfer cannot be performed over the same bus.

Note: Transfers from work RAM-high to ork RAM-low are not possible.
Data transfers from work RAM-high to VDP1 are possible.

Miscellaneous Function

187

slSetTrayCheck

CD tray open check

Format

void slSetTrayCheck(flag)
Uint8 flag

Parameters

flag

ON or OFF

Function

This function specifies whether or not to perform a check in order to shift to the
multiplayer screen when the CD tray is open.

Specify the flag as either ON or OFF.

When this function is called, the status is cleared; therefore, if the tray is already
open when the flag is set to ON, the check will not be made until the next time the
tray is opened.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to:

slSetTrayCheck

void

Miscellaneous Function

188

slChashePurge

Cache purge

Format

void shChashePurge()

Parameters

None

Function

This function initializes the cache data in the CPU. This function is used when the
cache area is changed by a DMA transfer, etc.

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to:

slChashePurge

Bool

Miscellaneous Function

189

slDMAStatus

DMA transfer check

Format

void slDMAStatus()

Parameters

None

Function

This function checks whether or not a DMA transfer initiated by the "slDMACopy()"
function or the "slDMAXCopy()" function is in progress or not, and returns a flag.

If the transfer is in progress, this function returns "ON"; if not, this function returns
"OFF".

Return Value

None

Remarks

Refer to:

slDMAStatus

SGL Reference

Structure Reference

This section introduces structures, variable types and macros that are unique

to the SGL. These are essential to programming with the SGL, and the

defined contents of each are also important.

Study this reference in addition to the Function Reference.

Structure

ATTR

Face attribute list

Structure:

typedef struct {
Uint8 flag ;
Uint8 sort ;
Uint16 texno ;
Uint16 atrb ;
Uint16 colno ;
Uint16 gstb
Uint16 dir ;
} ATTR ;

Members:

flag

Front/back setting

sort

Sort setting

texno

Texture number

atrb

Attribute data

colno

Color number

gstb

Gouraud setting

dir

Texture reversal setting and type

Description:

This structure defines the polygon face attribute list.

Remarks:

for details on the face attributes and how to use them, refer to chapter 7,
"Polygon Face Attributes," in the Programmer's Tutorials.

Refer to: Chapter 2, "Graphics"

ATTR

Structure

EVENT

Event management

Structure:

typedef struct evnt {
WORK *work ;
struct event *next ;
struct event *before ;
void (*exad)() ;
Uint8 user[EVENT_SIZE-(sizeof(WORK*)
+sizeof(struct evnt*)*2+sizeof(void (*)()))]
}EVENT;

Members:

work

Work area pointer

Starting address of next event

before Starting address of previous event
(exad)() Function execution address
user[]

Work area

Description:

This structure defines the event management table. Set the address received
from the library function "slGetWork" in the member "work".

The default value is NULL.

Remarks

"EVENT_SIZE" in the member "user[]" is 128 bytes. As a result, the user area is
112 bytes.

Refer to: Chapter 10, "Event Control"

EVENT

Structure

PDATA

Polygon model data

Structure

typedef struct {
POINT *pntb1 ;
Uint32 nbPoint ;
POLYGON *pltb1 ;
Uint32 nbPolygon ;
ATTR *attb1 ;
} PDATA ;

Members

pntb1

Vertex list pointer

nbPoint Number of vertices
pltb1

Face list pointer

nbPolygon

Number of faces

attb1

Attribute list pointer

Description:

This structure defines the polygon model data.

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 2, "Graphics"

PDATA

Structure

PICTURE

Texture registration table

Stracture

typedef struct {
Unit16 texno ;
Unit16 cmode ;
void *pcsrc ;
} PICTURE ;

Members

texno

Texture number

cmode Color mode
pcsrc

Starting address of texture data to be registered

Description

This structure is the information table for transferring and registering texture data
within VRAM.

Remarks

Refer to the textures in the "Polygon Face Attributes.

Refer to: Chapter 7, "Polygon Face Attributes"

PICTURE

Structure

POLYGON

Polygon face list

STRUCTURE

typedef struct {
VECTOR norm ;
Uint16 Vertices[4] ;
} POLYGON ;

Members

norm

Normal vector

Vertices[4]

Vertex number list

Description

This structure defines the polygon face list

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 2, "Graphics"

POLYGON

Structure

ROTSCROLL

Rotation parameters

STRUCTURE

typdef struct {
FIXED XST ;
FIXED YST ;
FIXED ZST ;
FIXED DXST :
FIXED DYST ;
FIXED DX ;
FIXED DY ;
FIXED MATA ;
FIXED MATB ;
FIXED MATC ;
FIXED MATD ;
FIXED MATE ;
FIXED MATF ;
Sint16 PX ;
Sint16 PY ;
Sint16 pZ ;
Sint16 dummy0 ;
Sint16 CX ;
Sint16 CY ;
Sint16 CZ ;
Sint 16 dummy1 ;
FIXED MX ;
FIXED MY ;
FIXED KX ;
FIXED KY ;
Uint32 KAST ;
Sint32 DKA ;
}ROTSCRLL ;

Members

XST

Scroll screen start coordinate Xst

YST

Scroll screen start coordinate Yst

ZST

Scroll screen start coordinate Zst

DXST

Scroll screen vertical direction coordinate increment amount dXst

DYST

Scroll screen vertical direction coordinate increment amount dYst

Scroll screen horizontal direction coordinate increment amount dX

Scroll screen horizontal direction coordinate increment amount dY

MATA Rotating matrix parameter A
MATB Rotating matrix parameter B
MATC Rotating matrix parameter C
MATD Rotating matrix parameter D
MATE Rotating matrix parameter E
MATF

Rotating matrix parameter F

Viewpoint coordinate Px

Viewpoint coordinate Py

Viewpoint coordinate Pz

dummy0

Dummy area

Center coordinate Px

Center coordinate Py

Structure

Center coordinate Pz

dummy1

Dummy area

Parallel movement amount Mx

Parallel movement amount My

Enlargement/reduction coefficient kx

Enlargement/reduction coefficient ky

KAST

Coefficient table start address KAst

DKAST Coefficient table vertical direction address increment DKAst
DKA

Coefficient table vertical direction address increment DKA

Description

This structure defines the rotation parameter table.

The rotation parameter table is read for each line of the rotating scroll screen, and
the screen is displayed according to those values.

Remarks

Used together with the NORMAL macro, this macro is used to make the
POLYGON face list.

Refer to:

ROTSCROLL

Structure

SPR_ATTR

Sprite attributes table

STRUCTURE

typedef struct spratr {
Uint16 texno ;
Uint16 atrb ;
Uint16 colno ;
Uint16 gstb ;
Uint16 dir ;
} SPR_ATTR ;

Members

texno

Texture number

atrb

Attribute data (display mode)

colno

Color number

gstb

Gouraud shading table

dir

Texture reversal

Description

This structure is the parameter table for sprite display. Basically, these parameters
conform with the texture parameters.

Remarks

Refer to the group of functions concerning sprite display.

Refer to:

SPR_ATTR

Structure

SPRITE

Sprite data

STRUCTURE

typedef struct {
Uint16 CTRL ;
Uint16 LINK ;
Uint16 PMOD ;
Uint16 COLR ;
Uint16 SRCA ;
Uint16 SIZE ;
Uint16 XA ;
Uint16 YA ;
Uint16 XB ;
Uint16 YB ;
Uint16 XC ;
Uint16 YC ;
Uint16 XD ;
Uint16 YD ;
Uint16 GRDA ;
Uint16 DMMY ;
} SPRITE ;

Members

CTRL

Control function

LINK

Link address

PMOD Put mode
COLR Color data
SRCA CG address
SIZE

Character size

X coordinate of display position A

Y coordinate of display position A

X coordinate of display position B

Y coordinate of display position B

X coordinate of display position C

Y coordinate of display position C

X coordinate of display position D

Y coordinate of display position D

GRDA Gouraud shading table
DMMY Dummy data used to match up with size

Description

This data type is used to directly pass data to the VDP1, and is the data table
used to display sprites.
Sprite picture data must be stored and registered in VRAM beforehand. (The
same is true for texture data and scroll data.) For details, refer to the textures in
"Polygon
Face Attributes".

Remarks

Textures and sprites used in the Sega Saturn system have very similar data
structures, but their display methods differ as follows:
Textures are applied to polygon faces and displayed.
Sprites are displayed independently.

Refer to: Chapter 7, "Polygon Face Attributes"

SPRITE

Structure

TEXTURE

Texture data

STRUCTURE

typedef struct {
Uint16 Hsize ;
Uint16 Vsize ;
Uint16 CGadr ;
Uint16 HVsize ;
} TEXTURE ;

Members

Hsize

Horizontal size of texture

Vsize

Vertical size of texture

CGadr CG address of texture/8
HVsize Horizontal size/8, vertical size (for hardware) ((HSIZE/8)<<8)|(V SIZE)

Description

This structure is the texture management table that is needed in order to use
textures in the SGL.

Remarks

For details, refer to chapter 7, "Polygon Face Attributes",in the Programmer's
Tutorial.

Refer to: Chapter 7, "P

TEXTURE

Structure

WORK

Work area management

STRUCTURE

typedef struct work {
struct work *next ;
Uint8 user[WORK_SIZE-sizeof(struct work *)] ;
} WORK ;

Members

Pointer to next work area

user[]

Free area within the work area that the user can use

Description

This structure indicates a work area that can be used within an event. The
member "user" consists of the work size (WORK_SIZE = 64 bytes) less the size of
the member "next" (4 bytes), for a total of 60 bytes.

For details, refer to the Chapter 10, "Event Control" in the Programmer's Tutorial.

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 10, "Event Control"

WORK

Structure

SmpcDateTime

RTC time

STRUCTURE

typedef

struct

{

Uint16 year :
Uint8

month ;

Uint8

date :

Uint8

hour ;

Uint8

minute ;

Uint8

second ;

} SmpcDateTime ;

Members

year

Year

month Day of the week and month
date

Date

hour

Hours

minute Minutes
second Seconds

Description

This structure is used to reference the RTC time.

Remarks

Use this structure when referencing the "rtc" member of the system variable
"Smpc_Status".

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

SmpcDateTime

Structure

SmpcStatus

SMPC status

STRUCTURE

typedef

struct {
Uint8

cond ;

SmpcDateTime month ;
Uint8

ctg :

Uint8

area ;

Uint16

system ;

Uint32

smem ;

} SmpcStatus ;

Members

cond

Status

rtc

RTC time

ctg

Cartridge code

area

Area code

system System status
smem

SMPC memory data

Description

This structure is used to reference the SMPC system status.

Remarks

Use this structure when referencing the system variable "Smpc_Status".

The member "rtc" can be referenced as the structure "SmpcDateTime".

Special get and set functions are provided for the member "smem".

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

SmpcStatus

Structure

PerDigital

Digital device

STRUCTURE

typedef

struct {
Uint8

id ;

Uint8

ext :

Uint16

data ;

Uint16

push ;

Uint16

pull ;

} PerDigital ;

Members

Peripheral ID

ext

Extended data size

data

Current button data

push

Depressed button data

pull

Unpressed button data

Description

This structure is used to reference digital devices.

Remarks

Use this structure when referencing the system variable "Smpc_Peripheral". All
devices can be handled as digital devices.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

PerDigital

Structure

PerAnalog

Analog device

STRUCTURE

typedef

struct {
Uint8

id ;

Uint8

ext :

Uint16

data ;

Uint16

push ;

Uint16

pull ;

Uint8

x ;

Uint8

y ;

Uint8

z ;

} PerAnalog ;

Members

Peripheral ID

ext

Extended data size

data

Current button data

push

Depressed button data

pull

Unpressed button data

Absolute value of X axis data

Absolute value of Y axis data

Absolute value of Z axis data

Description

This structure is used to reference analog devices.

Remarks

Type-cast the system variable "Smpc_Peripheral" and use this structure to
reference a peripheral as an analog device.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

PerAnalog

Structure

PerPoint

Pointing device

STRUCTURE

typedef

struct {
Uint8

id ;

Uint8

ext :

Uint16

data ;

Uint16

push ;

Uint16

pull ;

Uint16

x ;

Uint16

y :

} PerPoint ;

Members

Peripheral ID

ext

Extended data size

data

Current button data

push

Depressed button data

pull

Unpressed button data

X coordinate

Y coordinate

Description

This structure is used to reference a pointing device.

Remarks

Type-cast the system variable "Smpc_Peripheral" and use this structure to
reference a peripheral as a pointing device.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

PerPoint

Structure

PerKeyBoard

Keyboard device

STRUCTURE

typedef

struct {
Uint8

id ;

Uint8

ext :

Uint16

data ;

Uint16

push ;

Uint16

pull ;

Uint8

cond ;

Uint8

code ;

} PerKeyBoard ;

Members

Peripheral ID

ext

Extended data size

data

Current button data

push

Depressed button data

pull

Unpressed button data

cond

Status data

code

Key code

Description

This structure is used to reference the keyboard device.

Remarks

Type-cast the system variable "Smpc_Peripheral" and use this structure to
reference a peripheral as a keyboard device.

Refer to: HARDWARE MANUAL vol. 1 (SMPC)

PerKeyBoard

Variable Type

ANGLE

Angle data variable type

Structure

typedef Sint16 ANGLE ;

Members

Description

Angle data notation variable type.
The range from 0¡ to 359¡ is expressed by 0x0000 to 0xffff.

Remarks

Refer to: : Chapter 1, "Sega Graphics Library"

ANGLE

Variable Type

FIXED

Fixed-point decimal variable type

Structure

typedef Sint32 FIXED ;

Members

Description

This variable type indicates fixed-point decimal data. FIXED-type values are
represented in the following manner.
High-order 16 bits: Integer portion
Low-order 16 bits: Decimal portion
Ex,: 16.5 -> 0x00108000

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 1 "Sega Graphics Library"

FIXED

Variable Type

MATRIX

Matrix variable type

Structure

typedef FIXED MATRIX[4][3] ;

Members

Description

Matrix notation variable type

Remarks

FIXED matrix [4][3];
MATRIX matrix;
The two definitions shown above have the same meaning.

Refer to: Chapter 5, "Matrices"

MATRIX

Variable Type

POINT

Vertex data type

Structure

typedef FIXED POINT[xyz] ;

Members

Description

This variable type defines the vertex data used in polygons.

Remarks

FIXED point [xyz];
FIXED point [3];
POINT point;
All three of the above definitions have the same meaning.

Refer to: Chapter 2, "Graphics"

POINT

Variable Type

TEXDAT

Texture data variable type

Structure

typedef UINT16 TEXDAT ;

Members

Description

This variable type is used to define the actual texture itself.

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 7, "Polygon Face Attributes"

TEXDAT

Variable Type

VECTOR

Vector variable type

Structure

TYPED FIXED VECTOR[XYZ}

Members

Description

Vector data variable type

Remarks

FIXED vector[XYZ];
FIXED vector[3];
VECTOR vector
The above three definitions all have the same meaning.

Refer to:

VECTOR

MACRO

ATTRIBUTE

Polygon attribute specification

Structure

#define ATTRIBUTE(plane,sort,texture,color,gourand,mode,dir,option)
_@_@_@_@ {
plane,(sort)|(((dir)>>16)&0x01c)|(option),__
texture,(mode)|(((dir)>>24)&0xc0,color__
gourud,(dir)&0x03f
}
Uint8 plane ;
Uint8 sort ;
Uint16 texture ;
Uint16 color ;
Uint16 gouraud ;
Uint 16 mode ;
Uint 32 dir ;
Uint16 option :

Members

plane

Front/back attribute

sort

Z sort specification

texture Texture number, or No_Texture
color

C_RGB macro-specified color, color palette number, or No_Palet

gouraud

Gouraud table, or No_Gouraud

mode

Various mode specifications for the polygon

dir

Specification of texture display direction, etc.

option Other settings for the polygon

Description

This macro sets the

face attributes (particularly the polygon

front

face)

concerning polygon drawing. For details on the meaning of and substitution
values for each parameter, refer to chapter 7, "Polygon Face Attributes," in the
Programmer's Tutorial. Also refer to the list of ATTRIBUTE macro substitution
values at the end of the Structure Reference.

Remarks

When using texture, the member color is sometimes used to specify the color
bank number.

Refer to: Chapter 7, "Polygon Face Attributes"

ATTRIBUTE

MACRO

C_RGB

RGB value specification

Structure

#define C_RGB(r,g,b) (((b)&0x1f)<<10|(g)&0x1f)<<5|((r)&0x1f) |0x8000)
Uint8r ;
Uint8 g ;
Uint8 b ;

Members

Red

Green

Blue

Description

This macro specifies the RGB values used to represent color gradations. The
color gradation values can range from 0 to 1f for each of red, green, and blue.

Remarks

This macro cannot be used to specify the transparent color.

Refer to: Chapter 7, "Polygon Face Attributes"

C_RGB

MACRO

DEGtoANG

Angle conversion macro

Structure

#define DEGtoANG(d) (ANGLE)((d)*65536.0/360.0))
float d ;

Members

Angle to be converted (DEG notation)

Description

This macro converts a floating-point angle value expressed in DEG notation to
an ANGLE-type value.

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 1, "Sega Graphics Library"

DEGtoANG

MACRO

NORMAL

Coordinate value conversion macro

Structure

#define NORMAL(x,y,z) {POStoFIXED(x,y,z)

Members

X coordinate to be converted

Y coordinate to be converted

Z coordinate to be converted

Description

This macro converts a normal vector XYZ coordinates expressed by floating-
point decimals into FIXED-type variables.

Remarks

Used together with the VERTICES macro, this macro is used to make the
POLYGON face list.

Refer to:

NORMAL

MACRO

PICDEF

Texture management table

Structure

#define PICDEF(texno,cmode,pcsrc) {(Uint16)(texno),(Uint16)(cmde),
(void*)(pcsrc)}
Uint16 texno ;
Uint16 cmode ;
void*pcsrc ;

Members

texno

Texture number

cmode Color mode (COL_16, 64, 128, 256, or 32K)
pcsrc

Pointer for texture data defined by "TEXDAT"

Description

This macro creates the table of information used to set a texture in VRAM so that
the texture can be handled within a program.

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 7, "Polygon Face Attributes"

PICDEF

MACRO

POStoFIXED

Coordinate value conversion macro

Structure

#define POStoFIXED(x,y,z) {toFIXED(x),(toFIXED(y),toFIXED(z)}

Members

X coordinate to be converted

Y coordinate to be converted

Z coordinate to be converted

Description

This macro converts the XYZ coordinate values to FIXED-type variables.

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 1, "Sega Graphics Library"

POStoFIXED

MACRO

TEXDEF

Texture registration table

Structure

#define TEXDEF(h, v,presize) (h,v,(((cgaddress+(presize))*4)>>pal)/8,
(((h)&0x1f8)<<5|(v))}
Uint16h ;
Uint16v ;
Uint32 presize ;

Members

Horizontal size of texture

Vertical size of texture

presize Previously registered texture size (vertical x horizontal)

Description

This macro creates a table for getting texture information.

Remarks

Reference macros
#define cgaddress 0x10000
#define pal COL_32K

Refer to: Chapter 7, "Polygon Face Attributes"

TEXDEF

MACRO

toFIXED

Value conversion macro

Structure

#define toFIXED(a) ((FIXED)((a)*65536.0)

Members

Value to be converted

Description

This macro converts the value supplied as the parameter into a FIXED-type
value.

Remarks

Refer to: Chapter 1, "Sega Graphics Library"

toFIXED

MACRO

VERTICES

Polygon vertex variable string

Structure

#define VERTICES(v0, v1, v2, v3) (v0, v1, v2, v3}}
Uint16 v0 ;
Uint16 v1 ;
Uint16 v2 ;
Uint16 v3 ;

Members

Vertex v0

Vertex v1

Vertex v2

Vertex v3

Description

This macro specifies the polygon vertex numbers expressed as integers.

Remarks

Used together with the NORMAL macro, this macro is used to make the polygon
face list.

Refer to: Chapter 2, "Graphics"

VERTICES

SGL Reference

Appendix

This appendix contains supplementary tables for the
Function Reference and for the Structure Reference.

1. Default settings when the function "slInitSystem" is executed

In the SGL, when the function "slInitSystem" is executed, in addition to initializing various
types of memory and system variables, the following default settings are made.

When the system is initialized, the default window is set up.

Table 1-1. Default Window Specs

Setting

Parameter

Setting

Function used to reset

Window coordinates

Left

slWindow

Top

Right

ScreenXSize - 1

Bottom

ScreenYSize - 1

Rear boundary surface

specification

Zlimit

0x7fff

Vanishing point

CenterX

ScreenXSize / 2

CenterY

ScreenYSize / 2

Perspective angle

PersAngle

slPerspective

Display level

ZdspLevel

slZdspLevel

ScreenXSize = Resolution (in pixels) in horizontal direction for screen mode

ScreenYSize = Resolution (in pixels) in vertical direction for screen mode

2) Scroll settings

When the system is initialized, the scrolls are set up as follows.

Table. Scroll Default Settings

Setting

Contents of setting

Scroll screens displayed

NBG0, NBG1, RBG0

Priority

NBG0 > SPR0 > SPR1 > RBG0 > NBG1 > NBG2 > NBG3

Number of scroll colors

256 colors on each screen

Color RAM mode

1 (2048 colors out of 32,768 colors)

VRAM partitions

Both banks A and B partitioned

Character data

NBG0, NBG1: 25E60000 -

RBG0 : 25E00000 -

Character size

8 x 8 dots on each screen

Pattern name data

NBG0 : 25E76000 and up

NBG1 : 25E78000 and up

RBG0: 25E40000 and up (rotation parameters A)

RBG0: 25E50000 and up (rotation parameters B)

Pattern name size

NBG0: 1 word, 10 bits with reversal function for each cell

NBG1, RBG0: 1 words, 12 bits with no reversal function

Plane size

64 x 64 cells on each screen

Background screen color

Black at 25E3FFFE (R = 0, G = 0, B = 0)

Rotation parameters

25E3FF00 and up

Sprite data

Mixture of palette and RGB format

Special effects functions

Mosaic, color offset, etc., not used

2. List of substitution values for the ATTRIBUTE macro

The ATTRIBUTE macro structure and a list of the macro substitution values that can be
used in the SGL for each member in the ATTRIBUTE macro structure are shown below. For
details on the polygon face attribute settings made by the ATTRIBUTE macro and
examples of actual usage, refer to chapter 7, "Polygon Face Attributes," in the
Programmer' s Tutorial.

Fig. 2-1 ATTRIBUTE Macro Structure

_oe

ATTRIBUTE macro structure

_oe

ATTRIBUTE(plane , sort , texture , color , gouraud , mode , dir , option)

Note: The ATTRIBUTE macro is defined in "sl_def.h".

The ATTRIBUTE macro includes the following members.

For the macro substitution values for each member, refer to the list.

plane:

Specifies the front/back attribute.

sort:

Determines the Z sort representative point.

texture: Substitute either a texture number or "No_Texture".

color:

Substitute either a polygon face color specified by the C_RGB macro or

"No_Palet".

gouraud: Specifies the starting address of the area where the gouraud table is stored. If

gouraud processing is not to be used, substitute "No_Gouraud".

mode:

Specifies various modes for the polygon. Multiple specification is possible by
using the "or" operator, "|" to link the substitution values for each group.

dir:

Sets the texture reversal function, etc.

option: Sets other polygon options; multiple specification is possible by using the "or"

operator, "|". If no options are to be used, substitute "No_Option".

Table 2-1. List of ATTRIBUTE Macro Substitution Values (1/3)

Member

Macro

Contents

plane

Singl_Plane

Treats polygon as a single-sided polygon.

Dual_Plane

Treats polygon as a double-sided polygon.

sort

SORT_MIN

Makes the point closest to the camera on the polygon the

reference point.

SORT_CEN

Makes the center point of the polygon the reference point.

SORT_MAX

Makes the point farthest from the camera on the polygon

the reference point.

SORT_BFR

Displays the polygon that was registered last in front.

texutre

Uint16 texno

Texture number of the texture to be used

No_Texture

No texture used

color

C_RGB(r, g, b)

Color specification using the C_RGB macro

Uint16 color

Color palette number or color bank number

No_Palet

Do not use color palette (when texture is in RGB mode)

gouraud

Uint16 GRaddr

Offset value for area where gouraud table is stored (8H)

No_Gouraud

Gouraud processing not used

Note:

The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Table 2-1. List of ATTRIBUTE Macro Substitution Values (2/3)

Member

Group

Macro

Contents

mode

No_Window

No restrictions concerning window (default)

[1]

Window_In

Display inside window

Window_Out

Display outside window

[2]

MESHoff

Normal display (default)

MESHon

Mesh display

[3]

ECdis

Disable EndCode

ECenb

Enable EndCode (default)

[4]

SPdis

Display transparent pixels (default)

SPenb

Do not display transparent pixels

CL16Bnk

16-color color bank mode (default)

CL16Look

16-color look-up mode

[5]

CL64Bnk

64-color color bank mode

CL128Bnk

128-color color bank mode

CL256Bnk

256-color color bank mode

CL32KRGB

32,768 RGB mode

CL_Replace

Overwrite mode (default)

Cl_Shadow

Shadow mode

[6]

CL_Half

Semi-bright mode

CL_Trans

Semi-transparent mode

CL_Gouraud

Gouraud shading mode

Note: The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Table 2-1. List of ATTRIBUTE Macro Substitution Values (3/3)

Member

Macro

Contents

dir

sprNoflip

Display texture normally

sprHflip

Flip texture horizontally

sprVflip

Flip texture vertically

sprHVflip

Flip texture horizontally and vertically

sprPolygon

Display polygon

sprPolyLine

Display polyline

option

UseLight

Make light source calculations

UseClip

Do not display vertices outside of viewing area

UsePalette

Specify with

UseLight

when performing light source

calcutations for a palette mode polygon. In this case, 8

colors are selected from the specified palette number

according to brightness (+0 is low brightness).

No_Option

No options used

Note: The values in the above table are defined in "sl_def.h", provided with the system.

Note:

Restriction on texture specifications:

If a texture is not used on an object, do not specify "sprHflip" or "sprVflip".

SGL Reference

Memory Map

In the Sega Graphics Library, a portion of memory is used by
the system.

In general terms, memory is used as shown in the illustration
below. This chapter provides more detailed information on
how memory is used.

Fig.

Map of Entire Memory Area

VDP1 area

VDP2 area

Work RAM area

*Cache address

25C00000

25E00000

26000000

(06000000)

1 . General

The SGL system uses 0x40000 bytes in the WORK RAM-H area for sprite and scroll
control. In addition, 264 bytes in VDP1 VRAM is used for gouraud shading when showing
light source effects on textures. A breakdown of this area and the default settings are shown
below.

VRAM breakdown

Default value

MAX_POLYGON (number of polygons that can be used)

: 1800

MAX_VERTICES (number of vertices that can be used)

: 2500

MAX_TRANSFER (number of transfer requests during
blanking)

: 20

MAX_NEST (number of nested matrices)

: 20

Fig. 1-1 Breakdown of VDP1 VRAM and the Default Values

When a model is specified by "slPutPolygon", that model is not processed if the total
number of polygons or vertices (including that model) will exceed the respective maximum.

In addition, each time "slPutSprite()", "slDispSprite", and "slSetSprite()" are executed, the
number of polygons increases by one; if the maximum limit is exceeded, processing of that
data is halted. (However, if the specified Z position is outside of the display area, that sprite
is not counted.)

2 . WORK RAM-H

BootROMBIOSfunctions

SlaveCPUStackArea

MasterCPUdefaultStack

???

UserProgram&Data

User area

SortList (549C)

Table buffer for DMA transfers of sprite control data
(MAX_POLYGON+5)*3*4BYTE = 0x549C

TransList (F0)

DMA control table for transfer requests during blanking
MAX_TRANSFER*3*4BYTE = 0xF0

Zbuffer (200)

Primary buffer for polygon sort (for window 0)
128*4 = 0x200

Zbuffer2 (200)

Primary buffer 2 polygon sort (for window 1)
128*4 = 0x200

Zbuf_nest (400)

Secondary buffer for polygon sort
256*4 = 0x400

Spritebuf (FDD4)

Sprite control data buffer
(MAX_POSYGON+5)*36 = 0xFDD4

Spritebuf2 (FDD4)

Sprite control data buffer 2
(MAX_POSYGON+5)*36 = 0xFDD4

Pbuffer (9C40)

Vertex position buffer for polygon calculations
MAX_VERTICES*16 = 0x9C40

CLOfstBuf (420)

Data table for colors generated due to light source effects
33*32 = 0x420

CommandBuf (E100)

Command passing buffer from master to slave
MAX_POLYGON*32 = 0xE100

StackArea (216C)

Stack area (0x216C)

SystemWork (400)

System variable area (the GBR register always points here)
0x400byte

Fig.2-1 Work RAM-H Memory Map

Cache_address

06000000

06000800

06001000

06002000

06004000

060C0000

060C549C

060C558C

060C578C

060C598C

060C5D8C

060D5B60

060E5934

060EF574

060EF994

060FDA94

060FFC00

06100000

System variables

The system variables are shown below; these variables can also be called from a C program.

000

(EventTop)

(EVENT*)

First registered event

004

(EventLast)

(EVENT*)

Last registered event

008

(EventNow)

(EVENT*)

Event being executed

00C

(EventCount)

(Uint16)

Number of events remaining

00E

(WorkCount)

(Uint16)

Number of work areas remaining

010

(MainMode)

(Uint8)

Main sequence mode

011

(SubMode)

(Uint8)

Sub sequence mode

012

(SynchConst)

(Sint8)

Video sync count

013

(SynchCount)

(Sint8)

Video sync count

014

(UserFunction)

(void (*)())

User function to be executed during blanking

018

(TransCount)

(Uint16)

Number of transfer entries during blanking

01A

(TransRequest)

(Uint8)

Transfer request during blanking

01C

(mtptr)

(MATRIX *)

Current matrix pointer

020

(MatrixCount)

(Uint16)

Matrix nest count

022

(IntCount)

(Uint16)

Interrupt count

024

(MsPbufPtr)

(Uint32 *)

Vertex coordinate calculation buffer pointer (master)

028

(SlPbufPtr)

(Uint32 *)

Vertex coordinate calculation buffer pointer (slave)

02C

(SpritePtr)

(Uint16 *)

Sprite data transfer pointer

030

(MsSdataPtr)

(Uint16 *)

Sprite data set pointer (Master)

034

(SlSdataPtr)

(Uint16 *)

Sprite data set pointer (Master)

038

(ZbufPtr)

(void **)

Z buffer pointer

03C

(FormTbl)

(TEXTURE *)

Texture data table

040

(SprbufBias)

(Uint32)

Sprite data buffer switching

044

(ComRdPtr)

(Uint32 *)

Command read pointer

048

(ComWrPtr)

(Uint32 *)

Command set pointer

04C

(MsLight)

(VECTOR)

Light source vector (master)

058

(SlLight)

(VECTOR)

Light source vector (master)

064

(ColorOffset)

(Uint8 *)

Color offset table pointer

068

(MsScreenDist)

(FIXED)

Screen position (master)

06C

(SlScreenDist)

(FIXED)

Screen position (slave)

070

(MsZlimit)

(Sint16)

Display limit Z position (master)

072

(WindowNumber)

(Uint8)

Number of windows used

073

(WinUseFlag)

(Uint8)

Window use flag

074

(TotalPolygons)

(Uint16)

Total number of polygons

076

(TotalVertices)

(Uint16)

Total number of vertices

078

(MsScreenLeft)

(Sint16)

Screen left position (master)

07A

(MsScreenTop)

(Sint16)

Screen top position (master)

07C

(MsScreenRight)

(Sint16)

Screen right position (master)

07E

(MsScreenBottom)

(Sint16)

Screen bottom position (master)

080

(MsScreenSizeX)

(Uint16)

Horizontal screen size (master)

082

(MsScreenSizeY)

(Uint16)

Vertical screen size (master)

084

(MsScreenHalfX)

(Uint16)

Horizontal screen size/2 (master)

086

(MsScreenHalfY)

(Uint16)

Vertical screen size/2 (master)

088

(SlScreenLeft)

(Sint16)

Screen left position (slave)

08A

(SlScreenTop)

(Sint16)

Screen top position (slave)

08C

(SlScreenRight)

(Sint16)

Screen right position (slave)

08E

(SlScreenBottom)

(Sint16)

Screen bottom position (slave)

090

(SlScreenSizeX)

(Sint16)

Horizontal screen size (slave)

092

(SlScreenSizeY)

(Uint16)

Vertical screen size (slave)

094

(SlScreenHalfX)

(Uint16)

Horizontal screen size/2 (slave)

096

(SlScreenHalfY)

(Uint16)

Vertical screen size/2 (slave)

098

(MsClipXAdder)

(Sint16)

Clipping calculation data (horizontal) (master)

09A

(MsClipYAdder)

(Sint16)

Clipping calculation data (vertical) (master)

09C

(SlClipXAdder)

(Sint16)

Clipping calculation data (horizontal) (slave)

09E

(SlClipYAdder)

(Sint16)

Clipping calculation data (vertical) (slave)

0A0

(SlZlimit)

(Sint16)

Display limit Z position (slave)

0A2

(WinPtr)

(Uint16)

Window data set offset

0A4

(DispPolygons)

(Uint16)

Number of display polygons

0A6

(DMAEndFlag)

(Uint8)

DMA transfer end flag (not used)

0A8

(DMASetFlag)

(Uint8)

DMA table set flag

0AA

(PutCount)

(Uint16)

Number of slPutPolygon(), sl...Sprite() calls

0AC

(MsZdpsftcnt)

(Uint8)

Screen display limit shift count (master)

0AD

(SlZdpsftcnt)

(Uint8)

Screen display limit shift count (Slave)

0B0

(Randwork)

(Uint32)

Random number generator work area

0C0

(VDP2_TVMD)

(Uint16)

TV screen mode

0C2

(VDP2_EXTEN)

(Uint16)

External signal enable

0C4

(VDP2_TVSTAT)

(Uint16)

Screen status

0C6

(VDP2_VRSIZE)

(Uint16)

VRAM size

0C8

(VDP2_HCNT)

(Uint16)

H counter

0CA

(VDP2_VCNT)

(Uint16)

V counter

0CE

(VDP2_RAMCTL)

(Uint16)

RAM control

0D0

(VDP2_CYCA0L)

(Uint16)

VRAM cycle pattern (bank A0, T0 to 3)

0D2

(VDP2_CYCA0U)

(Uint16)

VRAM cycle pattern (bank A0, T4 to 7)

0D4

(VDP2_CYCA1L)

(Uint16)

VRAM cycle pattern (bank A1, T0 to 3)

0D6

(VDP2_CYCA1U)

(Uint16)

VRAM cycle pattern (bank A1, T4 to 7)

0D8

(VDP2_CYCB0L)

(Uint16)

VRAM cycle pattern (bank B0, T0 to 3)

0DA

(VDP2_CYCB0U)

(Uint16)

VRAM cycle pattern (bank B0, T4 to 7)

0DC

(VDP2_CYCB1L)

(Uint16)

VRAM cycle pattern (bank B1, T0 to 3)

0DE

(VDP2_CYCB1U)

(Uint16)

VRAM cycle pattern (bank B1, T4 to 7)

0E0

(VDP2_BGON)

(Uint16)

Screen display enable

0E2

(VDP2_MZCTL)

(Uint16)

Mosaic control

0E4

(VDP2_SFSEL)

(Uint16)

Special function code select

0E6

(VDP2_SFCODE)

(Uint16)

Special function code

0E8

(VDP2_CHCTLA)

(Uint16)

Character control (NBG0, NBG1)

0EA

(VDP2_CHCTLB)

(Uint16)

Character control (NBG2, NBG3, RBG0)

0EC

(VDP2_BMPNA)

(Uint16)

Bit map palette number (NBG0, 1)

0EE

(VDP2_BMPNB)

(Uint16)

Bit map palette number (RBG0)

0F0

(VDP2_PNCN0)

(Uint16)

Pattern name control (NBG0)

0F2

(VDP2_PNCN1)

(Uint16)

Pattern name control (NBG1)

0F4

(VDP2_PNCN2)

(Uint16)

Pattern name control (NBG2)

0F6

(VDP2_PNCN3)

(Uint16)

Pattern name control (NBG3)

0F8

(VDP2_PNCR)

(Uint16)

Pattern name control (RBG0)

0FA

(VDP2_PLSZ)

(Uint16)

Plane size

0FC

(VDP2_MPOFN)

(Uint16)

Map offset (NBG0 to 3)

0FE

(VDP2_MPOFR)

(Uint16)

Map offset (rotation parameters A, B)

100

(VDP2_MPABN0)

(Uint16)

Map (NBG0 plane A, B)

102

(VDP2_MPCDN0)

(Uint16)

Map (NBG0 plane C, D)

104

(VDP2_MPABN1)

(Uint16)

Map (NBG1 plane A, B)

106

(VDP2_MPCDN1)

(Uint16)

Map (NBG1 plane C, D)

108

(VDP2_MPABN2)

(Uint16)

Map (NBG2 plane A, B)

10A

(VDP2_MPCDN2)

(Uint16)

Map (NBG2 plane C, D)

10C

(VDP2_MPABN3)

(Uint16)

Map (NBG3 plane A, B)

10E

(VDP2_MPCDN3)

(Uint16)

Map (NBG3 plane C, D)

110

(VDP2_MPABRA)

(Uint16)

Map (Rotation parameters A plane A, B)

112

(VDP2_MPCDRA)

(Uint16)

Map (Rotation parameters A plane C, D)

114

(VDP2_MPEFRA)

(Uint16)

Map (Rotation parameters A plane E, F)

116

(VDP2_MPGHRA)

(Uint16)

Map (Rotation parameters A plane G, H)

118

(VDP2_MPIJRA)

(Uint16)

Map (Rotation parameters A plane I, J)

11A

(VDP2_MPKLRA)

(Uint16)

Map (Rotation parameters A plane K, L)

11C

(VDP2_MPMNRA)

(Uint16)

Map (Rotation parameters A plane M, N)

11E

(VDP2_MPOPRA)

(Uint16)

Map (Rotation parameters A plane O, P)

120

(VDP2_MPABRB)

(Uint16)

Map (Rotation parameters B plane A, B)

122

(VDP2_MPCDRB)

(Uint16)

Map (Rotation parameters B plane C, D)

124

(VDP2_MPEFRB)

(Uint16)

Map (Rotation parameters B plane E, F)

126

(VDP2_MPGHRB)

(Uint16)

Map (Rotation parameters B plane G, H)

128

(VDP2_MPIJRB)

(Uint16)

Map (Rotation parameters B plane I, J)

12A

(VDP2_MPKLRB)

(Uint16)

Map (Rotation parameters B plane K, L)

12C

(VDP2_MPMNRB)

(Uint16)

Map (Rotation parameters B plane M, N)

12E

(VDP2_MPOPRB)

(Uint16)

Map (Rotation parameters B plane O, P)

130

(VDP2_SCXN0)

(FIXED)

Screen scroll value (NBG0, horizontal direction, fixed-point)

130

(VDP2_SCXIN0)

(Sint16)

Screen scroll value (NBG0, horizontal direction, integer portion)

132

(VDP2_SCXDN0)

(Uint16)

Screen scroll value (NBG0, horizontal direction, decimal portion)

134

(VDP2_SCYN0)

(FIXED)

Screen scroll value (NBG0, vertical direction, fixed-point)

134

(VDP2_SCYIN0)

(Uint16)

Screen scroll value (NBG0, vertical direction, integer portion)

136

(VDP2_SCDN0)

(Uint16)

Screen scroll value (NBG0, vertical direction, decimal portion)

138

(VDP2_ZMXN0)

(FIXED)

Coordinate increment step (NBG0, horizontal direction, fixed-point)

138

(VDP2_ZMXIN0)

(Uint16)

Coordinate increment step (NBG0, horizontal direction, integer portion)

13A

(VDP2_ZMXDN0)

(Uint16)

Coordinate increment step (NBG0, horizontal direction, decimal portion)

13C

(VDP2_ZMYN0)

(FIXED)

Coordinate increment step (NBG0, vertical direction, fixed-point)

13C

(VDP2_ZMXIN0)

(Uint16)

Coordinate increment step (NBG0, vertical direction, integer portion)

13E

(VDP2_ZMYDN0)

(Uint16)

Coordinate increment step (NBG0, vertical direction, decimal portion)

140

(VDP2_SCXN1)

(FIXED)

Screen scroll value (NBG1, horizontal direction, fixed-point)

140

(VDP2_SCXIN1)

(Uint16)

Screen scroll value (NBG1, horizontal direction, integer portion)

142

(VDP2_SCXDN1)

(Uint16)

Screen scroll value (NBG1, horizontal direction, decimal portion)

144

(VDP2_SCYN1)

(FIXED)

Screen scroll value (NBG1, vertical direction, fixed-point)

144

(VDP2_SCYIN1)

(Uint16)

Screen scroll value (NBG1, vertical direction, integer portion)

146

(VDP2_SCYDN1)

(Uint16)

Screen scroll value (NBG1, vertical direction, decimal portion)

148

(VDP2_ZMXN1)

(FIXED)

Coordinate increment step (NBG1, horizontal direction, fixed-point)

148

(VDP2_ZMXIN1)

(Uint16)

Coordinate increment step (NBG1, horizontal direction, integer portion)

14A

(VDP2_ZMXDN1)

(Uint16)

Coordinate increment step (NBG1, horizontal direction, decimal portion)

14C

(VDP2_ZMYN1)

(FIXED)

Coordinate increment step (NBG1, vertical direction, fixed-point)

14C

(VDP2_ZMYIN1)

(Uint16)

Coordinate increment step (NBG1, vertical direction, integer portion)

14E

(VDP2_ZMXDN1)

(Uint16)

Coordinate increment step (NBG1, vertical direction, decimal portion)

150

(VDP2_SCXN2)

(Uint16)

Screen scroll value (NBG2, horizontal direction)

152

(VDP2_SCYN2)

(Uint16)

Screen scroll value (NBG2, vertical direction)

154

(VDP2_SCXN3)

(Uint16)

Screen scroll value (NBG3, horizontal direction)

156

(VDP2_SCYN3)

(Uint16)

Screen scroll value (NBG3, vertical direction)

158

(VDP2_ZMCTL)

(Uint16)

Reduction enable

15A

(VDP2_SCRCTL)

(Uint16)

Line and vertical cell scroll control

15C

(VDP2_VCSTA)

(Uint16*)

Vertical cell scroll table address

160

(VDP2_LSTA0)

(Sint16*)

Line scroll table address for NBG0

164

(VDP2_LSTA1)

(Sint16*)

Line scroll table address for NBG1

168

(VDP2_LCTA)

(Uint16*)

Line color screen table address

16C

(VDP2_BKTA)

(Uint16*)

Background screen table address

170

(VDP2_RPMD)

(Uint16)

Rotation parameter mode

172

(VDP2_RPRCTL)

(Uint16)

Rotation parameter read control

174

(VDP2_KTCTL)

(Uint16)

Coefficient table control

176

(VDP2_KTAOF)

(Uint16)

Coefficient table address offset

178

(VDP2_OVPNRA)

(Uint16)

Screen overflow pattern name

17A

(VDP2_OVPNRB)

(Uint16)

Screen overflow pattern name

17C

(VDP2_RPTA)

(Sint32*)

Rotation parameter table address

180

(VDP2_WPSX0)

(Uint16)

Window position (Hstart)

182

(VDP2_WPSY0)

(Uint16)

Window position (Vstart)

184

(VDP2_WPEX0)

(Uint16)

Window position (Hstop)

186

(VDP2_WPEY0)

(Uint16)

Window position (Vstop)

188

(VDP2_WPSX1)

(Uint16)

Window position (Hstart)

18A

(VDP2_WPSY1)

(Uint16)

Window position (Vstart)

18C

(VDP2_WPEX1)

(Uint16)

Window position (Hstop)

18E

(VDP2_WPEY1)

(Uint16)

Window position (Vstop)

190

(VDP2_WCTLA)

(Uint16)

Window control

192

(VDP2_WCTLB)

(Uint16)

Window control

194

(VDP2_WCTLC)

(Uint16)

Window control

196

(VDP2_WCTLD)

(Uint16)

Window control

198

(VDP2_LWTA0)

(Uint16*)

Line window table address

19C

(VDP2_LWTA1)

(Uint16)

Sprite control

1A0

(VDP2_SPCTL)

(Uint16)

Shadow control

1A2

(VDP2_SDCTL)

(Uint16)

Color RAM address offset (NBG0 to 3)

1A4

(VDP2_CRAOFA)

(Uint16)

Color RAM address offset (RBG0, sprite)

1A6

(VDP2_CRAOFB)

(Uint16)

Line color screen enable

1A8

(VDP2_LNCLEN)

(Uint16)

Special priority mode

1AA

(VDP2_SFPRMD)

(Uint16)

Color calculation control

1AC

(VDP2_CCCTL)

(Uint16)

Special color calculation mode

1AE

(VDP2_SFCCMD)

(Uint16)

Priority number

1B0

(VDP2_PRISA)

(Uint16)

Priority number

1B2

(VDP2_PRISB)

(Uint16)

Priority number

1B4

(VDP2_PRISC)

(Uint16)

Priority number

1B6

(VDP2_PRISD)

(Uint16)

Priority number

1B8

(VDP2_PRINA)

(Uint16)

Priority number

1BA

(VDP2_PRINB)

(Uint16)

Priority number

1BC

(VDP2_PRIR)

(Uint16)

Color calculation ratio (sprite 0, 1)

1C0

(VDP2_CCRSA)

(Uint16)

Color calculation ratio (sprite 2, 3)

1C2

(VDP2_CCRSB)

(Uint16)

Color calculation ratio (sprite 4, 5)

1C4

(CCRSB_CCRSC)

(Uint16)

Color calculation ratio (sprite 6, 7)

1C6

(VDP2_CCRSD)

(Uint16)

Color calculation ratio (NBG0, 1)

1C8

(VDP2_CCRNA)

(Uint16)

Color calculation ratio (NBG2, 3)

1CA

(VDP2_CCRNB)

(Uint16)

Color calculation ratio (RBG0)

1CC

(VDP2_CCRR)

(Uint16)

Color calculation ratio (line color screen, background screen)

1CE

(VDP2_CCRLB)

(Uint16)

Color offset enable

1D0

(VDP2_CLOFEN)

(Uint16)

Color offset select

1D2

(VDP2_CLOFSL)

(Uint16)

Color offset A (red)

1D4

(VDP2_COAR)

(Uint16)

Color offset A (green)

1D6

(VDP2_COAG)

(Uint16)

** PAGE 9

1D8

(VDP2_COAB)

(Uint16)

Color offset A (blue)

1DA

(VDP2_COBR)

(Uint16)

Color offset B (red)

1DC

(VDP2_COBG)

(Uint16)

Color offset B (green)

1DE

(VDP2_COBB)

(Uint16)

Color offset B (blue)

1E0

(ScrRotPtr)

(ROTSCROLL*) Address of rotation parameters being used

1E4

(nbg0_char_adr)

(void*)

CG address for NBG0

1E8

(nbg1_char_adr)

(void*)

CG address for NBG1

1EC

(nbg2_char_adr)

(void*)

CG address for NBG2

1F0

(nbg3_char_adr)

(void*)

CG address for NBG3

1F4

(ra_char_adr)

(void*)

Pattern name address for rotating scroll (parameters A)

1F8

(rb_char_adr)

(void*)

Pattern name address for rotating scroll (parameters B)

1FC

(nbg0_page_adr)

(void*)

Pattern name address for NBG0

200

(nbg1_page_adr)

(void*)

Pattern name address for NBG1

204

(nbg2_page_adr)

(void*)

Pattern name address for NBG2

208

(nbg3_page_adr)

(void*)

Pattern name address for NBG3

20C

(ra_page_adr)

(void*)

Pattern name address for rotating scroll (parameters A)

210

(rb_page_adr)

(void*)

Pattern name address for rotating scroll (parameters B)

214

(rpara_vram_adr)

(void*)

Rotation parameter set address

218

(k_table_adr)

(FIXED*)

Coefficient table set address

21C

(scr_work)

(Uint8[60])

Work area for slAutoDisp

278

(RotScrParA)

(ROTSCROLL*) Rotation parameters A

2E0

(RotScrParB)

(ROTSCROLL)

Rotation parameters B

348

(Window_data)

(Uint16[18])

Window control data buffer (for two)

36C

(Center_data)

(Uint16[10])

Window center control data buffer (for two)

3 . VDP1 VRAM Memory Map

Because the first and last parts of the VDP1 VRAM that begins at 0x25C00000 is used by
the system, those areas cannot be used by the user.

SpriteCommand(E1C90)

Sprite control command
(MAX_POLYGON + 6)*32 = 0xE1C0

Free (forUser)

User Area

Gouraud shading table
2*4*33 = 0x108 (264)

Fig. 3-1 VDP1 VRAM Memory Map

Cache_through_address

25C00000

25C0E1C0

25C7FEF8

25C80000

4 . VDP2 VRAM Memory Map

The VDP2 VRAM that begins at 0x25E00000 is divided as follows upon system
initialization.

RBG0CG (2048chars)

Character generator data for rotating scroll

RBG0Ktable

Coefficient data and rotation parameters for
rotating scroll

RBG0Map(32pages)

32 pages of pattern name data for rotating
scroll

NBG0,NBG1CG(512chars)

(character generator data for NBG0 and NBG1)

NBG1CG(*896chars)

(character generator data for NBG1)

nbg0map(1page)

(1 page of pattern name data for NBG0)

NBG1Map(4pages)

(4 pages of pattern name data for NBG1)

Normal scroll data (this area is shared by character

generator data and pattern name data)

Fig. 4-1 VDP2 VRAM Memory Map

Settings at system initialization

The character generator is in 256-color mode regardless of the scroll, and the pattern name
is always [1 word/1 cell].

NBG0 is in 10-bit mode with a reverse flag for each cell, while the other screens are in 12-bit
mode in which reverse is specified or not for the entire screen.

The color RAM is in 16-bit, 2048-color mode, and no offset is used.

The background screen is in single-color mode, with the color data (0000) in 25E3FFFE.

Cache_through_address

25E00000

25E20000

25E40000

25E60000

25E68000

25E96000

25E78000

25E80000